TY - JOUR
T1 - Mechanisms of carbon nanotube-induced toxicity
T2 - Focus on pulmonary inflammation
AU - Bhattacharya, Kunal
AU - Andón, Fernando Torres
AU - El-Sayed, Ramy
AU - Fadeel, Bengt
PY - 2013/12
Y1 - 2013/12
N2 - Carbon nanotubes have gained tremendous interest in a wide range of applications due to their unique physical, chemical, and electronic properties. Needless to say, close attention to the potential toxicity of carbon nanotubes is of paramount importance. Numerous studies have linked exposure of carbon nanotubes to the induction of inflammation, a complex protective response to harmful stimuli including pathogens, damaged or dying cells, and other irritants. However, inflammation is a double-edged sword as chronic inflammation can lead to destruction of tissues thus compromising the homeostasis of the organism. Here, we provide an overview of the process of inflammation, the key cells and the soluble mediators involved, and discuss research on carbon nanotubes and inflammation, including recent studies on the activation of the so-called inflammasome complex in macrophages resulting in secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Moreover, recent work has shown that inflammatory cells i.e. neutrophils and eosinophils are capable of enzymatic degradation of carbon nanotubes, with mitigation of the pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic effects of nanotubes thus underscoring that inflammation is both good and bad.
AB - Carbon nanotubes have gained tremendous interest in a wide range of applications due to their unique physical, chemical, and electronic properties. Needless to say, close attention to the potential toxicity of carbon nanotubes is of paramount importance. Numerous studies have linked exposure of carbon nanotubes to the induction of inflammation, a complex protective response to harmful stimuli including pathogens, damaged or dying cells, and other irritants. However, inflammation is a double-edged sword as chronic inflammation can lead to destruction of tissues thus compromising the homeostasis of the organism. Here, we provide an overview of the process of inflammation, the key cells and the soluble mediators involved, and discuss research on carbon nanotubes and inflammation, including recent studies on the activation of the so-called inflammasome complex in macrophages resulting in secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Moreover, recent work has shown that inflammatory cells i.e. neutrophils and eosinophils are capable of enzymatic degradation of carbon nanotubes, with mitigation of the pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic effects of nanotubes thus underscoring that inflammation is both good and bad.
KW - Bio-corona
KW - Biodegradation
KW - Carbon nanotubes
KW - Eosinophils
KW - Inflammasome
KW - Macrophages
KW - Mast cells
KW - Neutrophils
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U2 - 10.1016/j.addr.2013.05.012
DO - 10.1016/j.addr.2013.05.012
M3 - Article
C2 - 23751779
AN - SCOPUS:84889260511
VL - 65
SP - 2087
EP - 2097
JO - Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews
JF - Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews
SN - 0169-409X
IS - 15
ER -