TY - JOUR
T1 - Mediterranean Diet and Cognitive Status in Free-Living Elderly
T2 - A Cross-Sectional Study in Northern Italy
AU - De Amicis, Ramona
AU - Leone, Alessandro
AU - Foppiani, Andrea
AU - Osio, Diana
AU - Lewandowski, Lidia
AU - Giustizieri, Valentina
AU - Cornelio, Paolo
AU - Cornelio, Ferdinando
AU - Fusari Imperatori, Susanna
AU - Cappa, Stefano F.
AU - Battezzati, Alberto
AU - Bertoli, Simona
PY - 2018/8/18
Y1 - 2018/8/18
N2 - Objective: Few data are available on the Italian elderly population with regard to adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD) and cognitive impairment. Our aim was to investigate adherence to the MD and its association with cognitive function in an Italian urban sample. Methods: A cross-sectional study of 279 participants aged ≥ 65 years (80 men, 199 women) was carried out at a nutritional center. Adherence to the MD was evaluated using a 14-item questionnaire. Cognitive function was assessed with the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Results: The clinical and nutritional assessments performed revealed 30.1% to have a dietary pattern in accordance with the MD; 13.6% had suspected or mild cognitive impairment (MMSE score ≤ 23). The MD pattern was associated with a lower risk of cognitive impairment (odds ratio [OR] = 0.39; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.15–0.99; p = 0.045), as was the consumption of wine (OR = 0.37; 95% CI, 0.16–0.84; p = 0.018) and nuts (OR = 0.30; 95% CI, 0.13–0.69, p = 0.005). No association was found with other food groups. Conclusion: A closer adherence to the MD was associated with a better cognitive status. Further cohort studies and randomized controlled trials are warranted.
AB - Objective: Few data are available on the Italian elderly population with regard to adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD) and cognitive impairment. Our aim was to investigate adherence to the MD and its association with cognitive function in an Italian urban sample. Methods: A cross-sectional study of 279 participants aged ≥ 65 years (80 men, 199 women) was carried out at a nutritional center. Adherence to the MD was evaluated using a 14-item questionnaire. Cognitive function was assessed with the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Results: The clinical and nutritional assessments performed revealed 30.1% to have a dietary pattern in accordance with the MD; 13.6% had suspected or mild cognitive impairment (MMSE score ≤ 23). The MD pattern was associated with a lower risk of cognitive impairment (odds ratio [OR] = 0.39; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.15–0.99; p = 0.045), as was the consumption of wine (OR = 0.37; 95% CI, 0.16–0.84; p = 0.018) and nuts (OR = 0.30; 95% CI, 0.13–0.69, p = 0.005). No association was found with other food groups. Conclusion: A closer adherence to the MD was associated with a better cognitive status. Further cohort studies and randomized controlled trials are warranted.
KW - cognitive impairment
KW - elderly
KW - Mediterranean diet
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U2 - 10.1080/07315724.2018.1442263
DO - 10.1080/07315724.2018.1442263
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85045032991
VL - 37
SP - 494
EP - 500
JO - Journal of the American College of Nutrition
JF - Journal of the American College of Nutrition
SN - 0731-5724
IS - 6
ER -