TY - JOUR
T1 - Modulation of Neuroinflammation in the Central Nervous System
T2 - Role of Chemokines and Sphingolipids
AU - Gualtierotti, Roberta
AU - Guarnaccia, Laura
AU - Beretta, Matteo
AU - Navone, Stefania E.
AU - Campanella, Rolando
AU - Riboni, Laura
AU - Rampini, Paolo
AU - Marfia, Giovanni
PY - 2017/2/1
Y1 - 2017/2/1
N2 - Neuroinflammation is a process involved in the pathogenesis of different disorders, both autoimmune, such as neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus, and degenerative, such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease. In the central nervous system, the local milieu is tightly regulated by different mediators, among which are chemoattractant cytokines, also known as chemokines. These small molecules are able to modulate trafficking of immune cells in the course of nervous system development or in response to tissue damage, and different patterns of chemokine molecule and receptor expression have been described in several neuroinflammatory disorders. In recent years, a number of studies have highlighted a pivotal role of sphingolipids in regulating neuroinflammation. Sphingolipids have different functions, among which are the control of leukocyte egress from lymphonodes into inflamed tissues, the expression of various mediators of inflammation and a direct effect on the cells of the central nervous system as regulators of neuroinflammation. In the future, a better knowledge of these two groups of mediators could provide insight into the pathogenesis of neuroinflammatory disorders and could help develop novel diagnostic tools and therapeutic strategies.
AB - Neuroinflammation is a process involved in the pathogenesis of different disorders, both autoimmune, such as neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus, and degenerative, such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease. In the central nervous system, the local milieu is tightly regulated by different mediators, among which are chemoattractant cytokines, also known as chemokines. These small molecules are able to modulate trafficking of immune cells in the course of nervous system development or in response to tissue damage, and different patterns of chemokine molecule and receptor expression have been described in several neuroinflammatory disorders. In recent years, a number of studies have highlighted a pivotal role of sphingolipids in regulating neuroinflammation. Sphingolipids have different functions, among which are the control of leukocyte egress from lymphonodes into inflamed tissues, the expression of various mediators of inflammation and a direct effect on the cells of the central nervous system as regulators of neuroinflammation. In the future, a better knowledge of these two groups of mediators could provide insight into the pathogenesis of neuroinflammatory disorders and could help develop novel diagnostic tools and therapeutic strategies.
KW - Alzheimer
KW - Chemokines
KW - Multiple sclerosis
KW - Neuroinflammation
KW - Parkinson
KW - Sphingolipids
KW - Systemic lupus erythematosus
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U2 - 10.1007/s12325-016-0474-7
DO - 10.1007/s12325-016-0474-7
M3 - Review article
C2 - 28054310
AN - SCOPUS:85008222848
VL - 34
SP - 396
EP - 420
JO - Advances in Therapy
JF - Advances in Therapy
SN - 0741-238X
IS - 2
ER -