TY - JOUR
T1 - n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid intake and cancer risk in Italy and Switzerland
AU - Tavani, Alessandra
AU - Pelucchi, Claudio
AU - Parpinel, Maria
AU - Negri, Eva
AU - Franceschi, Silvia
AU - Levi, Fabio
AU - La Vecchia, Carlo
PY - 2003/5/20
Y1 - 2003/5/20
N2 - Data from a series of case-control studies, conducted in Italy and Switzerland between 1991 and 2001, have been analyzed to evaluate the role of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) intake in the etiology of cancer of oral cavity and pharynx (736 cases, 1,772 controls), esophagus (395 cases, 1,066 controls), large bowel (1,394 colon, 886 rectum, 4,765 controls), breast (2,900 cases, 3,122 controls) and ovary (1,031 cases, 2,411 controls). Controls were patients admitted to hospital for acute, non-neoplastic conditions, unrelated to modifications in diet. The multivariate odds ratios (OR) for the highest quintile of n-3 PUFAs compared to the lowest one were 0.5 for oral and pharyngeal cancer, 0.5 for oesophageal cancer, 0.7 for colon cancer, 0.8 for rectal and breast cancer and 0.6 for ovarian cancer; the estimates and the trends in risk were significant for all cancer sites, excluding rectal and breast cancer. The estimates for an increase in n-3 PUFAs of 1 g/week were 0.70 for oral and pharyngeal cancer, 0.71 for oesophageal, 0.88 for colon, 0.91 for rectal, 0.90 for breast and 0.85 for ovarian cancer. All the estimates were statistically significant, excluding that for rectal cancer, and consistent across strata of age and gender. These results suggest that n-3 PUFAs decrease the risk of several cancers.
AB - Data from a series of case-control studies, conducted in Italy and Switzerland between 1991 and 2001, have been analyzed to evaluate the role of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) intake in the etiology of cancer of oral cavity and pharynx (736 cases, 1,772 controls), esophagus (395 cases, 1,066 controls), large bowel (1,394 colon, 886 rectum, 4,765 controls), breast (2,900 cases, 3,122 controls) and ovary (1,031 cases, 2,411 controls). Controls were patients admitted to hospital for acute, non-neoplastic conditions, unrelated to modifications in diet. The multivariate odds ratios (OR) for the highest quintile of n-3 PUFAs compared to the lowest one were 0.5 for oral and pharyngeal cancer, 0.5 for oesophageal cancer, 0.7 for colon cancer, 0.8 for rectal and breast cancer and 0.6 for ovarian cancer; the estimates and the trends in risk were significant for all cancer sites, excluding rectal and breast cancer. The estimates for an increase in n-3 PUFAs of 1 g/week were 0.70 for oral and pharyngeal cancer, 0.71 for oesophageal, 0.88 for colon, 0.91 for rectal, 0.90 for breast and 0.85 for ovarian cancer. All the estimates were statistically significant, excluding that for rectal cancer, and consistent across strata of age and gender. These results suggest that n-3 PUFAs decrease the risk of several cancers.
KW - Breast cancer
KW - Cancer
KW - Case-control study
KW - Colorectal cancer
KW - n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid
KW - Oesophageal cancer
KW - Oral and pharyngeal cancer
KW - Ovarian cancer
KW - Risk factors
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U2 - 10.1002/ijc.11018
DO - 10.1002/ijc.11018
M3 - Article
C2 - 12672040
AN - SCOPUS:0037457656
VL - 105
SP - 113
EP - 116
JO - International Journal of Cancer
JF - International Journal of Cancer
SN - 0020-7136
IS - 1
ER -