Abstract
Activation of glial cells, including astrocytes and microglia, has been implicated in the inflammatory responses underlying brain injury and neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. The classic activation state (M1) is characterized by high capacity to present antigens, high production of nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) and proinflammatory cytokines. Classically activated cells act as potent effectors that drive the inflammatory response and may mediate detrimental effects on neural cells. The second phenotype (M2) is an alternative, apparently beneficial, activation state, more related to a fine tuning of inflammation, scavenging of debris, promotion of angiogenesis, tissue remodeling and repair. Specific environmental chemical signals are able to induce these different polarization states. We provide here evidence that nanostructured substrates are able, exclusively in virtue of their physical properties, to push microglia toward the proinflammatory activation phenotype, with an efficacy which reflects the graded nanoscale rugosity. The acquisition of a proinflammatory phenotype appears specific for microglia and not astrocytes, indicating that these two cell types, although sharing common innate immune responses, respond differently to external physical stimuli.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 10963-10974 |
| Number of pages | 12 |
| Journal | Nanoscale |
| Volume | 5 |
| Issue number | 22 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - Nov 21 2013 |
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ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Materials Science(all)
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Nanostructured TiO2 surfaces promote polarized activation of microglia, but not astrocytes, toward a proinflammatory profile. / De Astis, Silvia; Corradini, Irene; Morini, Raffaella; Rodighiero, Simona; Tomasoni, Romana; Lenardi, Cristina; Verderio, Claudia; Milani, Paolo; Matteoli, Michela.
In: Nanoscale, Vol. 5, No. 22, 21.11.2013, p. 10963-10974.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Nanostructured TiO2 surfaces promote polarized activation of microglia, but not astrocytes, toward a proinflammatory profile
AU - De Astis, Silvia
AU - Corradini, Irene
AU - Morini, Raffaella
AU - Rodighiero, Simona
AU - Tomasoni, Romana
AU - Lenardi, Cristina
AU - Verderio, Claudia
AU - Milani, Paolo
AU - Matteoli, Michela
PY - 2013/11/21
Y1 - 2013/11/21
N2 - Activation of glial cells, including astrocytes and microglia, has been implicated in the inflammatory responses underlying brain injury and neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. The classic activation state (M1) is characterized by high capacity to present antigens, high production of nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) and proinflammatory cytokines. Classically activated cells act as potent effectors that drive the inflammatory response and may mediate detrimental effects on neural cells. The second phenotype (M2) is an alternative, apparently beneficial, activation state, more related to a fine tuning of inflammation, scavenging of debris, promotion of angiogenesis, tissue remodeling and repair. Specific environmental chemical signals are able to induce these different polarization states. We provide here evidence that nanostructured substrates are able, exclusively in virtue of their physical properties, to push microglia toward the proinflammatory activation phenotype, with an efficacy which reflects the graded nanoscale rugosity. The acquisition of a proinflammatory phenotype appears specific for microglia and not astrocytes, indicating that these two cell types, although sharing common innate immune responses, respond differently to external physical stimuli.
AB - Activation of glial cells, including astrocytes and microglia, has been implicated in the inflammatory responses underlying brain injury and neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. The classic activation state (M1) is characterized by high capacity to present antigens, high production of nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) and proinflammatory cytokines. Classically activated cells act as potent effectors that drive the inflammatory response and may mediate detrimental effects on neural cells. The second phenotype (M2) is an alternative, apparently beneficial, activation state, more related to a fine tuning of inflammation, scavenging of debris, promotion of angiogenesis, tissue remodeling and repair. Specific environmental chemical signals are able to induce these different polarization states. We provide here evidence that nanostructured substrates are able, exclusively in virtue of their physical properties, to push microglia toward the proinflammatory activation phenotype, with an efficacy which reflects the graded nanoscale rugosity. The acquisition of a proinflammatory phenotype appears specific for microglia and not astrocytes, indicating that these two cell types, although sharing common innate immune responses, respond differently to external physical stimuli.
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UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84886654007&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1039/c3nr03534d
DO - 10.1039/c3nr03534d
M3 - Article
C2 - 24065287
AN - SCOPUS:84886654007
VL - 5
SP - 10963
EP - 10974
JO - Nanoscale
JF - Nanoscale
SN - 2040-3364
IS - 22
ER -