TY - JOUR
T1 - Nephrocalcinosis in children
T2 - A retrospective multi-centre study
AU - Ammenti, Anita
AU - Pelizzoni, Alessandra
AU - Cecconi, Milvia
AU - Molinari, Pier Paolo
AU - Montini, Giovanni
PY - 2009/10
Y1 - 2009/10
N2 - Aim: To review the data of children with NC and to analyse aetiology, clinical manifestations, growth and renal function at presentation; to relate growth and renal function to changes in NC in patients with a follow-up of at least 12 months. Methods: Data of 41 children from four institutions were gathered retrospectively. Results: Presenting symptoms were failure to thrive in the first year of life (41%), urinary tract infections, bladder voiding dysfunction or abdominal pain (17%) and psychomotor delay (10%). In 24% of cases NC was detected incidentally. Glomerular function at diagnosis was normal in 83% of children. During a median follow-up of 4 yrs and 5 months in 28 patients, growth standard deviation score improved from a median of -2.2 to -1.0 and glomerular function remained stable in 89% of patients, in spite of worsening of the degree of NC in 62% of cases. The most frequent causes of NC were hereditary tubulopathies and vitamin D intoxication. Conclusion: Our results show that the treatment of the underlying conditions is associated with catch-up growth and stabilization of glomerular function in many children, but not with the reduction in the degree of NC in the majority of cases. We believe that early recognition of conditions leading to NC is clinically useful and suggest a diagnostic flowchart, which may be helpful in the approach to NC.
AB - Aim: To review the data of children with NC and to analyse aetiology, clinical manifestations, growth and renal function at presentation; to relate growth and renal function to changes in NC in patients with a follow-up of at least 12 months. Methods: Data of 41 children from four institutions were gathered retrospectively. Results: Presenting symptoms were failure to thrive in the first year of life (41%), urinary tract infections, bladder voiding dysfunction or abdominal pain (17%) and psychomotor delay (10%). In 24% of cases NC was detected incidentally. Glomerular function at diagnosis was normal in 83% of children. During a median follow-up of 4 yrs and 5 months in 28 patients, growth standard deviation score improved from a median of -2.2 to -1.0 and glomerular function remained stable in 89% of patients, in spite of worsening of the degree of NC in 62% of cases. The most frequent causes of NC were hereditary tubulopathies and vitamin D intoxication. Conclusion: Our results show that the treatment of the underlying conditions is associated with catch-up growth and stabilization of glomerular function in many children, but not with the reduction in the degree of NC in the majority of cases. We believe that early recognition of conditions leading to NC is clinically useful and suggest a diagnostic flowchart, which may be helpful in the approach to NC.
KW - Failure to thrive
KW - Hypercalciuria
KW - Nephrocalcinosis
KW - Renal function
KW - Renal tubular acidosis
KW - Ultrasound
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=69749126012&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=69749126012&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1111/j.1651-2227.2009.01401.x
DO - 10.1111/j.1651-2227.2009.01401.x
M3 - Article
C2 - 19572991
AN - SCOPUS:69749126012
VL - 98
SP - 1628
EP - 1631
JO - Acta Paediatrica, International Journal of Paediatrics
JF - Acta Paediatrica, International Journal of Paediatrics
SN - 0803-5253
IS - 10
ER -