Abstract
Background: Childhood interstitial lung disease (chILD) is a heterogeneous group of rare disorders characterized by abnormal imaging findings, impaired gas exchange; and is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. Neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia (NEHI) is a unique sub-group, which is more prevalent in infants and children younger than 2 years of age, and typically manifests with chronic tachypnea, retractions, hypoxemia and failure to thrive. NEHI insidiously appears in the first year of life, subtly masquerading as one of the more common lung diseases of childhood. Therefore, the diagnosis of NEHI is challenging and requires a systematic approach. Case presentation: We report a case of an infant, with a history of recurrent respiratory infections and wheezing, who presented with persistent hypoxemia (PaO2 88 mmHg) and chronic respiratory symptoms, that prompted an extensive diagnostic work up for chILD; eventually a diagnosis of NEHI was made. Conclusion: NEHI is a rare chILD disorder presenting in the first 2 years of life with common but challenging key clinical features. Increased awareness among pediatricians and prompt recognition of the clinical presentation may enable timely diagnosis and improve disease management and prognosis.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Article number | 84 |
| Journal | Italian Journal of Pediatrics |
| Volume | 42 |
| Issue number | 1 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - Sep 15 2016 |
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Keywords
- Ground-glass opacification
- Hypoxemia
- Interstitial lung disease in children
- Neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia
- Persistent tachypnea
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Pediatrics, Perinatology, and Child Health
Cite this
Neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia of infancy : An unusual cause of hypoxemia in children. / Caimmi, Silvia; Licari, Amelia; Caimmi, Davide; Rispoli, Anna; Baraldi, Eugenio; Calabrese, Fiorella; Marseglia, Gian Luigi.
In: Italian Journal of Pediatrics, Vol. 42, No. 1, 84, 15.09.2016.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia of infancy
T2 - An unusual cause of hypoxemia in children
AU - Caimmi, Silvia
AU - Licari, Amelia
AU - Caimmi, Davide
AU - Rispoli, Anna
AU - Baraldi, Eugenio
AU - Calabrese, Fiorella
AU - Marseglia, Gian Luigi
PY - 2016/9/15
Y1 - 2016/9/15
N2 - Background: Childhood interstitial lung disease (chILD) is a heterogeneous group of rare disorders characterized by abnormal imaging findings, impaired gas exchange; and is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. Neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia (NEHI) is a unique sub-group, which is more prevalent in infants and children younger than 2 years of age, and typically manifests with chronic tachypnea, retractions, hypoxemia and failure to thrive. NEHI insidiously appears in the first year of life, subtly masquerading as one of the more common lung diseases of childhood. Therefore, the diagnosis of NEHI is challenging and requires a systematic approach. Case presentation: We report a case of an infant, with a history of recurrent respiratory infections and wheezing, who presented with persistent hypoxemia (PaO2 88 mmHg) and chronic respiratory symptoms, that prompted an extensive diagnostic work up for chILD; eventually a diagnosis of NEHI was made. Conclusion: NEHI is a rare chILD disorder presenting in the first 2 years of life with common but challenging key clinical features. Increased awareness among pediatricians and prompt recognition of the clinical presentation may enable timely diagnosis and improve disease management and prognosis.
AB - Background: Childhood interstitial lung disease (chILD) is a heterogeneous group of rare disorders characterized by abnormal imaging findings, impaired gas exchange; and is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. Neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia (NEHI) is a unique sub-group, which is more prevalent in infants and children younger than 2 years of age, and typically manifests with chronic tachypnea, retractions, hypoxemia and failure to thrive. NEHI insidiously appears in the first year of life, subtly masquerading as one of the more common lung diseases of childhood. Therefore, the diagnosis of NEHI is challenging and requires a systematic approach. Case presentation: We report a case of an infant, with a history of recurrent respiratory infections and wheezing, who presented with persistent hypoxemia (PaO2 88 mmHg) and chronic respiratory symptoms, that prompted an extensive diagnostic work up for chILD; eventually a diagnosis of NEHI was made. Conclusion: NEHI is a rare chILD disorder presenting in the first 2 years of life with common but challenging key clinical features. Increased awareness among pediatricians and prompt recognition of the clinical presentation may enable timely diagnosis and improve disease management and prognosis.
KW - Ground-glass opacification
KW - Hypoxemia
KW - Interstitial lung disease in children
KW - Neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia
KW - Persistent tachypnea
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84987912323&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84987912323&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1186/s13052-016-0295-y
DO - 10.1186/s13052-016-0295-y
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:84987912323
VL - 42
JO - Italian Journal of Pediatrics
JF - Italian Journal of Pediatrics
SN - 1720-8424
IS - 1
M1 - 84
ER -