TY - JOUR
T1 - Noninvasive Evaluation of Flow Reserve in the Left Anterior Descending Coronary Artery in Patients With Cardiac Syndrome X
AU - Galiuto, Leonarda
AU - Sestito, Alfonso
AU - Barchetta, Sabrina
AU - Sgueglia, Gregory A.
AU - Infusino, Fabio
AU - La Rosa, Claudio
AU - Lanza, Gaetano
AU - Crea, Filippo
PY - 2007/5/15
Y1 - 2007/5/15
N2 - Data on coronary flow reserve (CFR) in patients with syndrome X are still controversial. Further, noninvasive evaluation of epicardial and microvascular flow reserves in these patients has never been performed. In 17 patients with syndrome X and in 17 age- and gender-matched control subjects, CFR in the mid left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) was evaluated by transthoracic color and pulse-wave Doppler using a 7-mHz probe (Sequoia, Siemens). Peak diastolic LAD flow was calculated at rest and at peak adenosine (140 μg/kg/min intravenously in 90 seconds). Myocardial contrast echocardiography (MCE) was performed at rest and during adenosine use by real-time cadence pulse sequencing and intravenous SonoVue (Bracco; 5 ml at 1 ml/min) and microvascular blood volume (A), velocity (β), and flow (A×β) by replenishing curves (y = A[1 - e
βt]). CFR was measured by Doppler echocardiography as an adenosine/rest velocity ratio and by MCE as a microvascular volume, velocity, and flow adenosine/rest ratio. Compared with controls, patients with syndrome X demonstrated lower LAD CFR and velocity and flow microvascular flow reserves (p
AB - Data on coronary flow reserve (CFR) in patients with syndrome X are still controversial. Further, noninvasive evaluation of epicardial and microvascular flow reserves in these patients has never been performed. In 17 patients with syndrome X and in 17 age- and gender-matched control subjects, CFR in the mid left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) was evaluated by transthoracic color and pulse-wave Doppler using a 7-mHz probe (Sequoia, Siemens). Peak diastolic LAD flow was calculated at rest and at peak adenosine (140 μg/kg/min intravenously in 90 seconds). Myocardial contrast echocardiography (MCE) was performed at rest and during adenosine use by real-time cadence pulse sequencing and intravenous SonoVue (Bracco; 5 ml at 1 ml/min) and microvascular blood volume (A), velocity (β), and flow (A×β) by replenishing curves (y = A[1 - e
βt]). CFR was measured by Doppler echocardiography as an adenosine/rest velocity ratio and by MCE as a microvascular volume, velocity, and flow adenosine/rest ratio. Compared with controls, patients with syndrome X demonstrated lower LAD CFR and velocity and flow microvascular flow reserves (p
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U2 - 10.1016/j.amjcard.2006.12.070
DO - 10.1016/j.amjcard.2006.12.070
M3 - Article
C2 - 17493464
AN - SCOPUS:34247604033
VL - 99
SP - 1378
EP - 1383
JO - American Journal of Cardiology
JF - American Journal of Cardiology
SN - 0002-9149
IS - 10
ER -