TY - JOUR
T1 - Nutritional domains in frailty tools
T2 - Working towards an operational definition of nutritional frailty
AU - Zupo, Roberta
AU - Castellana, Fabio
AU - Bortone, Ilaria
AU - Griseta, Chiara
AU - Sardone, Rodolfo
AU - Lampignano, Luisa
AU - Lozupone, Madia
AU - Solfrizzi, Vincenzo
AU - Castellana, Marco
AU - Giannelli, Gianluigi
AU - De Pergola, Giovanni
AU - Boeing, Heiner
AU - Panza, Francesco
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors thank the ?Salus in Apulia? Research Team. This manuscript is the result of the research work on frailty undertaken by the ?Research Network on Aging? team, supported by the Resources of the Italian Ministry of Health?Research Networks of National Health Institutes. The authors thank M.V. Pragnell, B.A. for her precious help as native English supervisor.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 Elsevier B.V.
Copyright:
Copyright 2020 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2020/12
Y1 - 2020/12
N2 - Different methods have been proposed for the assessment of the nutritional status in frailty phenotypes. In the present narrative review article, we have summarized the number and specifications of nutritional items in existing frailty tools, in order to develop a possible means of assessment and operational definition of the nutritional frailty phenotype. In six different databases until December 2019, we searched for original articles regarding frailty tools (i.e., scales, indexes, scores, questionnaires, instruments, evaluations, screening, indicators), analyzing each tool regarding nutritional items. We identified 160 articles describing 71 frailty tools. Among the selected frailty tools, 54 were community-based (70 %), 17 hospital-based (22 %), 4 validated in long-term care institutions for older adults (LTCIOA) (5.1 %) and 2 validated in both community- and hospital-based settings, including LTCIOA (2.5 %). Fifty-two of these tools (73 %) included at least one nutritional item. Twenty-two (42 %) reported two or more nutritional items. The items were grouped in the following categories: A) anthropometric measurements, B) laboratory measurements, and C) other nutritional-related measurements. Anthropometric measurements stood out compared to all other items. Nutritional items are included in the majority of frailty tools, strengthening the concept that they may have a direct implication on an increased risk of adverse health-related outcomes in frail subjects. This supports the development of the concept of nutritional frailty as an independent frailty phenotype. Subsequent steps will be to assess the contribution of each nutritional item to a possible operational definition of nutritional frailty and define the items that may best identify this new frailty phenotype.
AB - Different methods have been proposed for the assessment of the nutritional status in frailty phenotypes. In the present narrative review article, we have summarized the number and specifications of nutritional items in existing frailty tools, in order to develop a possible means of assessment and operational definition of the nutritional frailty phenotype. In six different databases until December 2019, we searched for original articles regarding frailty tools (i.e., scales, indexes, scores, questionnaires, instruments, evaluations, screening, indicators), analyzing each tool regarding nutritional items. We identified 160 articles describing 71 frailty tools. Among the selected frailty tools, 54 were community-based (70 %), 17 hospital-based (22 %), 4 validated in long-term care institutions for older adults (LTCIOA) (5.1 %) and 2 validated in both community- and hospital-based settings, including LTCIOA (2.5 %). Fifty-two of these tools (73 %) included at least one nutritional item. Twenty-two (42 %) reported two or more nutritional items. The items were grouped in the following categories: A) anthropometric measurements, B) laboratory measurements, and C) other nutritional-related measurements. Anthropometric measurements stood out compared to all other items. Nutritional items are included in the majority of frailty tools, strengthening the concept that they may have a direct implication on an increased risk of adverse health-related outcomes in frail subjects. This supports the development of the concept of nutritional frailty as an independent frailty phenotype. Subsequent steps will be to assess the contribution of each nutritional item to a possible operational definition of nutritional frailty and define the items that may best identify this new frailty phenotype.
KW - Ageing
KW - Assessment
KW - Frailty
KW - Nutrition
KW - Nutritional frailty
KW - Older people
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85093985472&partnerID=8YFLogxK
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U2 - 10.1016/j.arr.2020.101148
DO - 10.1016/j.arr.2020.101148
M3 - Review article
C2 - 32827687
AN - SCOPUS:85093985472
VL - 64
JO - Ageing Research Reviews
JF - Ageing Research Reviews
SN - 1568-1637
M1 - 101148
ER -