Abstract
Background: Exposure to platinum group elements (PGEs) - platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd), rhodium (Rh) and iridium (Ir) - may cause acute toxicity or hypersensitivity with respiratory symptoms, urticaria and (less frequently) contact dermatitis. Our aim was to determine the prevalence and the clinical characteristics of hypersensitivity to platinum salts and to other elements of the platinum group. Methods: A total of 153 subjects working in a catalyst manufacturing and recycling factory were examined. The examination consisted of a work exposure and medical questionnaire, physical examination, skin prick test for PGEs and other common aeroallergens, and patch tests for PGEs. Skin prick tests and patch tests were performed with H2[PtCl6], K2[PtCl4], Na2[PtCl6], IrCl 3, RhCl3, PdCl2, aqueous solutions at different concentrations. Results: Positive prick test reactions to Pt-salts at various concentrations were found in 22 (14.4%) of 153 workers; eight had simultaneous reactions to all Pt-salts tested; seven had positive responses to H 2[PtCl6] only; four had simultaneous positive reactions to both H2[PtCl6] and K2[PtCl4]; three had positive reactions to H2[PtCl6] and Na 2[PtCl6]. Three of 22 had positive reactions to H 2[PtCl6] and IrCl3 solutions, two of these had positive reactions to H2[PtCl6], IrCl3 and RhCl3 solutions. Positive patch test reactions to platinum salts at day 2 were seen in two of 153 subjects. Conclusions: The results of this study demonstrate that Pt-salts are important allergens in the catalyst industry and that the clinical manifestations involve both the respiratory system and the skin. Hexachloroplatinic acid should be considered the most important salt to use for skin prick tests.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 159-164 |
| Number of pages | 6 |
| Journal | Allergy: European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology |
| Volume | 60 |
| Issue number | 2 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - Feb 2005 |
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Keywords
- Hypersensitivity
- Iridium
- Occupational
- Palladium
- Platinum group elements
- Platinum salts
- Rhodium
- Skin test
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Immunology
Cite this
Occupational hypersensitivity to metal salts, including platinum, in the secondary industry. / Cristaudo, Antonio; Sera, F.; Severino, V.; De Rocco, M.; Di Lella, E.; Picardo, M.
In: Allergy: European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Vol. 60, No. 2, 02.2005, p. 159-164.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Occupational hypersensitivity to metal salts, including platinum, in the secondary industry
AU - Cristaudo, Antonio
AU - Sera, F.
AU - Severino, V.
AU - De Rocco, M.
AU - Di Lella, E.
AU - Picardo, M.
PY - 2005/2
Y1 - 2005/2
N2 - Background: Exposure to platinum group elements (PGEs) - platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd), rhodium (Rh) and iridium (Ir) - may cause acute toxicity or hypersensitivity with respiratory symptoms, urticaria and (less frequently) contact dermatitis. Our aim was to determine the prevalence and the clinical characteristics of hypersensitivity to platinum salts and to other elements of the platinum group. Methods: A total of 153 subjects working in a catalyst manufacturing and recycling factory were examined. The examination consisted of a work exposure and medical questionnaire, physical examination, skin prick test for PGEs and other common aeroallergens, and patch tests for PGEs. Skin prick tests and patch tests were performed with H2[PtCl6], K2[PtCl4], Na2[PtCl6], IrCl 3, RhCl3, PdCl2, aqueous solutions at different concentrations. Results: Positive prick test reactions to Pt-salts at various concentrations were found in 22 (14.4%) of 153 workers; eight had simultaneous reactions to all Pt-salts tested; seven had positive responses to H 2[PtCl6] only; four had simultaneous positive reactions to both H2[PtCl6] and K2[PtCl4]; three had positive reactions to H2[PtCl6] and Na 2[PtCl6]. Three of 22 had positive reactions to H 2[PtCl6] and IrCl3 solutions, two of these had positive reactions to H2[PtCl6], IrCl3 and RhCl3 solutions. Positive patch test reactions to platinum salts at day 2 were seen in two of 153 subjects. Conclusions: The results of this study demonstrate that Pt-salts are important allergens in the catalyst industry and that the clinical manifestations involve both the respiratory system and the skin. Hexachloroplatinic acid should be considered the most important salt to use for skin prick tests.
AB - Background: Exposure to platinum group elements (PGEs) - platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd), rhodium (Rh) and iridium (Ir) - may cause acute toxicity or hypersensitivity with respiratory symptoms, urticaria and (less frequently) contact dermatitis. Our aim was to determine the prevalence and the clinical characteristics of hypersensitivity to platinum salts and to other elements of the platinum group. Methods: A total of 153 subjects working in a catalyst manufacturing and recycling factory were examined. The examination consisted of a work exposure and medical questionnaire, physical examination, skin prick test for PGEs and other common aeroallergens, and patch tests for PGEs. Skin prick tests and patch tests were performed with H2[PtCl6], K2[PtCl4], Na2[PtCl6], IrCl 3, RhCl3, PdCl2, aqueous solutions at different concentrations. Results: Positive prick test reactions to Pt-salts at various concentrations were found in 22 (14.4%) of 153 workers; eight had simultaneous reactions to all Pt-salts tested; seven had positive responses to H 2[PtCl6] only; four had simultaneous positive reactions to both H2[PtCl6] and K2[PtCl4]; three had positive reactions to H2[PtCl6] and Na 2[PtCl6]. Three of 22 had positive reactions to H 2[PtCl6] and IrCl3 solutions, two of these had positive reactions to H2[PtCl6], IrCl3 and RhCl3 solutions. Positive patch test reactions to platinum salts at day 2 were seen in two of 153 subjects. Conclusions: The results of this study demonstrate that Pt-salts are important allergens in the catalyst industry and that the clinical manifestations involve both the respiratory system and the skin. Hexachloroplatinic acid should be considered the most important salt to use for skin prick tests.
KW - Hypersensitivity
KW - Iridium
KW - Occupational
KW - Palladium
KW - Platinum group elements
KW - Platinum salts
KW - Rhodium
KW - Skin test
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=13244272093&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=13244272093&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2004.00521.x
DO - 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2004.00521.x
M3 - Article
C2 - 15647035
AN - SCOPUS:13244272093
VL - 60
SP - 159
EP - 164
JO - Allergy: European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
JF - Allergy: European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
SN - 0105-4538
IS - 2
ER -