TY - JOUR
T1 - Physical activity and lung cancer risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort
AU - Steindorf, Karen
AU - Friedenreich, Christine
AU - Linseisen, Jakob
AU - Rohrmann, Sabine
AU - Rundle, Andrew
AU - Veglia, Fabrizio
AU - Vineis, Paolo
AU - Johnsen, Nina Fønns
AU - Tjønneland, Anne
AU - Overvad, Kim
AU - Raaschou-Nielsen, Ole
AU - Clavel-Chapelon, Françoise
AU - Boutron-Ruault, Marie Christine
AU - Schulz, Mandy
AU - Boeing, Heiner
AU - Trichopoulou, Antonia
AU - Kalapothaki, Victoria
AU - Koliva, Maria
AU - Krogh, Vittorio
AU - Palli, Domenico
AU - Tumino, Rosario
AU - Panico, Salvatore
AU - Monninkhof, Evelyn
AU - Peeters, Petra H.
AU - Boshuizen, Hendriek C.
AU - Bueno-De-Mesquita, H. Bas
AU - Chirlaque, Maria Dolores
AU - Agudo, Antonio
AU - Larrañaga, Nerea
AU - Quirós, José R.
AU - Martínez, Carmen
AU - Barricarte, Aurelio
AU - Janzon, Lars
AU - Berglund, Göran
AU - Bingham, Sheila
AU - Khaw, Kay Tee
AU - Key, Timothy J.
AU - Norat, Teresa
AU - Jenab, Mazda
AU - Cust, Anne
AU - Riboli, Elio
PY - 2006/11/15
Y1 - 2006/11/15
N2 - Research conducted predominantly in male populations on physical activity and lung cancer has yielded inconsistent results. We examined this relationship among 416,277 men and women from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). Detailed information on recent recreational, household and occupational physical activity, smoking habits and diet was assessed at baseline between 1992 and 2000. Relative risks (RR) were estimated using Cox regression. During 6.3 years of follow-up we identified 607 men and 476 women with incident lung cancer. We did not observe an inverse association between recent occupational, recreational or household physical activity and lung cancer risk in either males or females. However, we found some reduction in lung cancer risk associated with sports in males (adjusted RR = 0.71; 95% confidence interval 0.50-0.98; highest tertile vs. inactive group), cycling (RR = 0.73; 0.54-0.99) in females and non-occupational vigorous physical activity. For occupational physical activity, lung cancer risk was increased for unemployed men (adjusted RR = 1.57; 1.20-2.05) and men with standing occupations (RR = 1.35; 1.02-1.79) compared with sitting professions. There was no evidence of heterogeneity of physical activity associations across countries, or across any of the considered cofactors. For some histologic subtypes suggestive sex-specific reductions, limited by subgroup sizes, were observed, especially with vigorous physical activity. In total, our study shows no consistent protective associations of physical activity with lung cancer risk. It can be assumed that the elevated risks found for occupational physical activity are not produced mechanistically by physical activity itself but rather reflect exposure to occupation-related lung cancer risk factors.
AB - Research conducted predominantly in male populations on physical activity and lung cancer has yielded inconsistent results. We examined this relationship among 416,277 men and women from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). Detailed information on recent recreational, household and occupational physical activity, smoking habits and diet was assessed at baseline between 1992 and 2000. Relative risks (RR) were estimated using Cox regression. During 6.3 years of follow-up we identified 607 men and 476 women with incident lung cancer. We did not observe an inverse association between recent occupational, recreational or household physical activity and lung cancer risk in either males or females. However, we found some reduction in lung cancer risk associated with sports in males (adjusted RR = 0.71; 95% confidence interval 0.50-0.98; highest tertile vs. inactive group), cycling (RR = 0.73; 0.54-0.99) in females and non-occupational vigorous physical activity. For occupational physical activity, lung cancer risk was increased for unemployed men (adjusted RR = 1.57; 1.20-2.05) and men with standing occupations (RR = 1.35; 1.02-1.79) compared with sitting professions. There was no evidence of heterogeneity of physical activity associations across countries, or across any of the considered cofactors. For some histologic subtypes suggestive sex-specific reductions, limited by subgroup sizes, were observed, especially with vigorous physical activity. In total, our study shows no consistent protective associations of physical activity with lung cancer risk. It can be assumed that the elevated risks found for occupational physical activity are not produced mechanistically by physical activity itself but rather reflect exposure to occupation-related lung cancer risk factors.
KW - Cohort study
KW - Epidemiology
KW - Exercise
KW - Lung cancer
KW - Physical activity
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=33749608808&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=33749608808&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1002/ijc.22125
DO - 10.1002/ijc.22125
M3 - Article
C2 - 16894558
AN - SCOPUS:33749608808
VL - 119
SP - 2389
EP - 2397
JO - International Journal of Cancer
JF - International Journal of Cancer
SN - 0020-7136
IS - 10
ER -