TY - JOUR
T1 - Platinum-based compounds and risk for cardiovascular toxicity in the elderly
T2 - Role of the antioxidants in chemoprevention
AU - Ferroni, Patrizia
AU - Della-Morte, David
AU - Palmirotta, Raffaele
AU - McClendon, Mark
AU - Testa, Gianluca
AU - Abete, Pasquale
AU - Rengo, Franco
AU - Rundek, Tatjana
AU - Guadagni, Fiorella
AU - Roselli, Mario
PY - 2011/6/1
Y1 - 2011/6/1
N2 - Cancer in elderly patients is an increasingly common problem. Older patients have more co-morbidity, therefore the toxic effects of chemotherapy treatment are less tolerable compared to younger patients. Platinum-based compounds (PBCs) are commonly used cytotoxic agents in the treatment of several solid tumors; however, their application is still limited in elderly patients, due to the risks in cardiovascular toxicity. The increased risk for myocardial ischemia, stroke, and vascular thrombosis linked with PBCs treatment is mainly due to reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and the subsequent induction of oxidative stress and switch to a prothrombotic condition. Recently, studies have shown a different genetic susceptibility in cardiovascular toxicity induced by therapy with PBCs. Antioxidants, such as vitamin E, selenium, lycopene, melatonin, and resveratrol, have been implicated in cancer treatment by their property to suppress the oxidant injury. Resveratrol, especially, has been shown to increase the antineoplastic activity of cisplatin. In addition, resveratrol's ability to activate the sirtuin1 (SIRT1) pathway has been heavily implicated in the mechanisms controlling longevity and quality of life in the aged population. This article reviews the current state of treatment with PBCs and their associated risk for cardiovascular disease. It discusses the most powerful antioxidant supplementation options as a possible strategy to reduce the cardiovascular toxicity effects of chemotherapy in the elderly.
AB - Cancer in elderly patients is an increasingly common problem. Older patients have more co-morbidity, therefore the toxic effects of chemotherapy treatment are less tolerable compared to younger patients. Platinum-based compounds (PBCs) are commonly used cytotoxic agents in the treatment of several solid tumors; however, their application is still limited in elderly patients, due to the risks in cardiovascular toxicity. The increased risk for myocardial ischemia, stroke, and vascular thrombosis linked with PBCs treatment is mainly due to reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and the subsequent induction of oxidative stress and switch to a prothrombotic condition. Recently, studies have shown a different genetic susceptibility in cardiovascular toxicity induced by therapy with PBCs. Antioxidants, such as vitamin E, selenium, lycopene, melatonin, and resveratrol, have been implicated in cancer treatment by their property to suppress the oxidant injury. Resveratrol, especially, has been shown to increase the antineoplastic activity of cisplatin. In addition, resveratrol's ability to activate the sirtuin1 (SIRT1) pathway has been heavily implicated in the mechanisms controlling longevity and quality of life in the aged population. This article reviews the current state of treatment with PBCs and their associated risk for cardiovascular disease. It discusses the most powerful antioxidant supplementation options as a possible strategy to reduce the cardiovascular toxicity effects of chemotherapy in the elderly.
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U2 - 10.1089/rej.2010.1141
DO - 10.1089/rej.2010.1141
M3 - Article
C2 - 21595514
AN - SCOPUS:79960363677
VL - 14
SP - 293
EP - 308
JO - Rejuvenation Research
JF - Rejuvenation Research
SN - 1549-1684
IS - 3
ER -