TY - JOUR
T1 - PM10 and PM2.5 qualitative source apportionment using selective wind direction sampling in a port-industrial area in civitavecchia, Italy
AU - Soggiu, Maria Eleonora
AU - Inglessis, Marco
AU - Gagliardi, Roberta Valentina
AU - Settimo, Gaetano
AU - Marsili, Giovanni
AU - Notardonato, Ivan
AU - Avino, Pasquale
N1 - Funding Information:
This research was performed under the agreement between the Italian Institute of Health (ISS) and the Consortium for the Management of the Environmental Observatory of Civitavecchia, for the realization of a research program having as objective "The evaluation of the levels of organic and inorganic micropollutants in the area of the municipalities of Civitavecchia, Tolfa, Allumiere, Santa Marinella, Monte Romano and Tarquinia aected by emissions from the ENEL thermoelectric power station of Torrevaldaliga North".
Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
PY - 2020/1
Y1 - 2020/1
N2 - The possibility to discriminate between different emission sources and between natural and anthropogenic contributions is a key issue for planning efficient air pollution reduction and mitigation strategies. Moreover, the knowledge of the particulate matter (PM) chemical composition for the different size fractions is recognized as increasingly important, in particular with respect to health effects of exposed population. This study is focused on the characterization of PM10 and PM2.5 main sources located in the Civitavecchia harbor-industrial area (Central Italy), namely a large coal-fired power plant, a natural gas power plant, the harbor area, the vehicular traffic (due to both the local traffic and the highway crossing the area) and small industrial activities. The approach was based on PM10/PM2.5 samples monthly collected for one year and a further relative chemical characterization of organic and inorganic fractions. Wind-select sensors, allowing a selective PM10 and PM2.5 sampling downwind to specific emission sources, were used for the overall sampling. This methodology manages to explain specific emission patterns and to assess the concentration levels of the micro pollutants emitted by local sources and particularly toxic for health. A descriptive statistical analysis of data was performed, also verifying the occurrence of legislative threshold exceedances. Moreover, in order to highlight the contribution of specific sources, the differences in the measured micro pollutants concentrations between wind directions, PM size fractions and sampling sites have been investigated, as well as the seasonal trends of pollutants concentrations. These results allow to highlight that the applied methodology represents a valid support in source apportionment studies.
AB - The possibility to discriminate between different emission sources and between natural and anthropogenic contributions is a key issue for planning efficient air pollution reduction and mitigation strategies. Moreover, the knowledge of the particulate matter (PM) chemical composition for the different size fractions is recognized as increasingly important, in particular with respect to health effects of exposed population. This study is focused on the characterization of PM10 and PM2.5 main sources located in the Civitavecchia harbor-industrial area (Central Italy), namely a large coal-fired power plant, a natural gas power plant, the harbor area, the vehicular traffic (due to both the local traffic and the highway crossing the area) and small industrial activities. The approach was based on PM10/PM2.5 samples monthly collected for one year and a further relative chemical characterization of organic and inorganic fractions. Wind-select sensors, allowing a selective PM10 and PM2.5 sampling downwind to specific emission sources, were used for the overall sampling. This methodology manages to explain specific emission patterns and to assess the concentration levels of the micro pollutants emitted by local sources and particularly toxic for health. A descriptive statistical analysis of data was performed, also verifying the occurrence of legislative threshold exceedances. Moreover, in order to highlight the contribution of specific sources, the differences in the measured micro pollutants concentrations between wind directions, PM size fractions and sampling sites have been investigated, as well as the seasonal trends of pollutants concentrations. These results allow to highlight that the applied methodology represents a valid support in source apportionment studies.
KW - Chemical composition
KW - Harbor
KW - Metals
KW - PAHs
KW - PCCD/F
KW - PM
KW - Source apportionment
KW - Wind select-sampling device
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U2 - 10.3390/atmos11010094
DO - 10.3390/atmos11010094
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85081133200
VL - 11
SP - 1
EP - 22
JO - ATMOSPHERE
JF - ATMOSPHERE
SN - 2073-4433
IS - 1
ER -