TY - JOUR
T1 - Precision medicine and public health
T2 - New challenges for effective and sustainable health
AU - Traversi, Deborah
AU - Pulliero, Alessandra
AU - Izzotti, Alberto
AU - Franchitti, Elena
AU - Iacoviello, Licia
AU - Gianfagna, Francesco
AU - Gialluisi, Alessandro
AU - Izzi, Benedetta
AU - Agodi, Antonella
AU - Barchitta, Martina
AU - Calabrò, Giovanna Elisa
AU - Hoxhaj, Ilda
AU - Sassano, Michele
AU - Sbrogiò, Luca Gino
AU - Del Sole, Annamaria
AU - Marchiori, Francesco
AU - Pitini, Erica
AU - Migliara, Giuseppe
AU - Marzuillo, Carolina
AU - De Vito, Corrado
AU - Tamburro, Manuela
AU - Sammarco, Michela Lucia
AU - Ripabelli, Giancarlo
AU - Villari, Paolo
AU - Boccia, Stefania
N1 - Funding Information:
Funding: The APC was funded by SItI Società Italiana di Igiene Medicina Preventiva e Sanità Pubblica. The authors of Section 2.1 have received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 798841 and from the Italian Ministry of Health 2018 (Young Investigator grant number: GR-2018-12366528) (BI), moreover they were supported by Fondazione Umberto Veronesi (GA).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
Copyright:
Copyright 2021 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2021/3
Y1 - 2021/3
N2 - The development of high-throughput omics technologies represents an unmissable opportunity for evidence-based prevention of adverse effects on human health. However, the applicability and access to multi-omics tests are limited. In Italy, this is due to the rapid increase of knowledge and the high levels of skill and economic investment initially necessary. The fields of human genetics and public health have highlighted the relevance of an implementation strategy at a national level in Italy, including integration in sanitary regulations and governance instruments. In this review, the emerging field of public health genomics is discussed, including the polygenic scores approach, epigenetic modulation, nutrigenomics, and microbiomes implications. Moreover, the Italian state of implementation is presented. The omics sciences have important implications for the prevention of both communicable and noncommunicable diseases, especially because they can be used to assess the health status during the whole course of life. An effective population health gain is possible if omics tools are implemented for each person after a preliminary assessment of effectiveness in the medium to long term.
AB - The development of high-throughput omics technologies represents an unmissable opportunity for evidence-based prevention of adverse effects on human health. However, the applicability and access to multi-omics tests are limited. In Italy, this is due to the rapid increase of knowledge and the high levels of skill and economic investment initially necessary. The fields of human genetics and public health have highlighted the relevance of an implementation strategy at a national level in Italy, including integration in sanitary regulations and governance instruments. In this review, the emerging field of public health genomics is discussed, including the polygenic scores approach, epigenetic modulation, nutrigenomics, and microbiomes implications. Moreover, the Italian state of implementation is presented. The omics sciences have important implications for the prevention of both communicable and noncommunicable diseases, especially because they can be used to assess the health status during the whole course of life. An effective population health gain is possible if omics tools are implemented for each person after a preliminary assessment of effectiveness in the medium to long term.
KW - Early disease prevention
KW - Epigenetic modulations
KW - Genetic and microbiome markers
KW - Genetic polymorphisms
KW - Health technology assessment
KW - MiRNA
KW - Public health genomics
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U2 - 10.3390/jpm11020135
DO - 10.3390/jpm11020135
M3 - Review article
AN - SCOPUS:85102770249
VL - 11
SP - 1
EP - 30
JO - Journal of Personalized Medicine
JF - Journal of Personalized Medicine
SN - 2075-4426
IS - 2
M1 - 135
ER -