Prenatal ultrasound diagnosis of congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation of the lung: A report of 26 cases and review of the literature

Objectives: To evaluate the sonographic appearances and prenatal natural history of congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation of the lung. Methods: In each case a detailed examination of the thoracic lesion and a complete fetal survey was performed. The pregnancies that elected to continue were followed to term. Results: A total of 26 cases were identified. The pregnancy was electively terminated in nine cases (35%). All the remaining 17 pregnancies ended in liveborn infants (100%). The lesion disappeared completely in three fetuses (18%). Of the 14 infants in whom the lesion was confirmed at birth nine required surgery in the neonatal or post-natal period. Five children did not undergo surgery. Conclusions: Conservative management appears to be an adequate medical practice in cases of isolated congenital unilateral cystic adenomatoid malformation of the lung, in the absence of hydrops and/or acute polyhydramnios.