Abstract
The adult mammalian brain harbours multi-potent stem/precursor cells supporting self-renewal and differentiation within specialised niches, namely the subventricular zone of the lateral ventricles and the subgranular zone of the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus. In response to different environmental cues, these neural stem/precursor cells (NPCs) may differentiate into neurons, astrocytes or oligodendrocytes. Due to their intrinsic plasticity, these cells are considered an attractive therapeutic tool for the treatment of several neurological disorders. We have shown that syngenic NPCs, injected systemically in mice with chronic central nervous system (CNS) inflammation, reduce tissue damage and improve functional recovery. NPCs express constitutively activated integrins, which enable them to enter the CNS. Once in the site of tissue injury, transplanted NPCs promote brain repair through several mechanisms of action. They can induce apoptosis of CNS-infiltrating T cells as well as foster remyelination driven by endogenous oligodendrocyte progenitors. Neuroprotective and immunomodulatory molecules released principally from undifferentiated NPCs at the site of tissue damage mediate these effects. This bystander (or paracrine) ability of transplanted NPCs to protect the CNS from different types of injury suggests that such therapeutic procedure could be of great interest in the future therapeutic armamentarium of inflammatory demyelinating diseases of the CNS.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Journal | Journal of Neurology |
| Volume | 254 |
| Issue number | 1 SUPPL. |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - Feb 2007 |
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Keywords
- Demyelination
- Inflammation
- Multiple sclerosis
- Oligodendrocytes
- Stem cells
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Clinical Neurology
- Neurology
Cite this
Rationale for the use of neural stem/precursor cells in immunemediated demyelinating disorders. / Pluchino, Stefano; Zanotti, Lucia; Martino, Gianvito.
In: Journal of Neurology, Vol. 254, No. 1 SUPPL., 02.2007.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Rationale for the use of neural stem/precursor cells in immunemediated demyelinating disorders
AU - Pluchino, Stefano
AU - Zanotti, Lucia
AU - Martino, Gianvito
PY - 2007/2
Y1 - 2007/2
N2 - The adult mammalian brain harbours multi-potent stem/precursor cells supporting self-renewal and differentiation within specialised niches, namely the subventricular zone of the lateral ventricles and the subgranular zone of the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus. In response to different environmental cues, these neural stem/precursor cells (NPCs) may differentiate into neurons, astrocytes or oligodendrocytes. Due to their intrinsic plasticity, these cells are considered an attractive therapeutic tool for the treatment of several neurological disorders. We have shown that syngenic NPCs, injected systemically in mice with chronic central nervous system (CNS) inflammation, reduce tissue damage and improve functional recovery. NPCs express constitutively activated integrins, which enable them to enter the CNS. Once in the site of tissue injury, transplanted NPCs promote brain repair through several mechanisms of action. They can induce apoptosis of CNS-infiltrating T cells as well as foster remyelination driven by endogenous oligodendrocyte progenitors. Neuroprotective and immunomodulatory molecules released principally from undifferentiated NPCs at the site of tissue damage mediate these effects. This bystander (or paracrine) ability of transplanted NPCs to protect the CNS from different types of injury suggests that such therapeutic procedure could be of great interest in the future therapeutic armamentarium of inflammatory demyelinating diseases of the CNS.
AB - The adult mammalian brain harbours multi-potent stem/precursor cells supporting self-renewal and differentiation within specialised niches, namely the subventricular zone of the lateral ventricles and the subgranular zone of the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus. In response to different environmental cues, these neural stem/precursor cells (NPCs) may differentiate into neurons, astrocytes or oligodendrocytes. Due to their intrinsic plasticity, these cells are considered an attractive therapeutic tool for the treatment of several neurological disorders. We have shown that syngenic NPCs, injected systemically in mice with chronic central nervous system (CNS) inflammation, reduce tissue damage and improve functional recovery. NPCs express constitutively activated integrins, which enable them to enter the CNS. Once in the site of tissue injury, transplanted NPCs promote brain repair through several mechanisms of action. They can induce apoptosis of CNS-infiltrating T cells as well as foster remyelination driven by endogenous oligodendrocyte progenitors. Neuroprotective and immunomodulatory molecules released principally from undifferentiated NPCs at the site of tissue damage mediate these effects. This bystander (or paracrine) ability of transplanted NPCs to protect the CNS from different types of injury suggests that such therapeutic procedure could be of great interest in the future therapeutic armamentarium of inflammatory demyelinating diseases of the CNS.
KW - Demyelination
KW - Inflammation
KW - Multiple sclerosis
KW - Oligodendrocytes
KW - Stem cells
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=33847247417&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=33847247417&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/s00415-007-1005-x
DO - 10.1007/s00415-007-1005-x
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:33847247417
VL - 254
JO - Journal of Neurology
JF - Journal of Neurology
SN - 0340-5354
IS - 1 SUPPL.
ER -