TY - JOUR
T1 - Reactive oxygen species modulate Zn2+-induced apoptosis in cancer cells
AU - Provinciali, Mauro
AU - Donnini, Alessia
AU - Argentati, Katy
AU - Di Stasio, Grazia
AU - Bartozzi, Beatrice
AU - Bernardini, Giovanni
PY - 2002/3/1
Y1 - 2002/3/1
N2 - Some recent evidence has suggested a protective role of zinc against cancer. The mechanism by which zinc exerts this action has not been defined and, in particular, it has not been clarified whether zinc may directly act on cancer cells and the molecular mechanisms involved in this effect. In this study, we examined the in vitro effect of zinc on the apoptosis of mouse TS/A mammary adenocarcinoma cells, studying the zinc-dependent modulation of the intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and of p53 and Fas/Fas ligand pathways. We showed that zinc concentrations ranging from 33.7 to 75 μM Zn2+ induced apoptosis in mammary cancer cells. The apoptosis was associated with an increased production of intracellular ROS, and of p53 and Fas/Fas ligand mRNA and protein. Zn2+ induced a faint metallothionein response in TS/A cells in comparison with mouse lymphocytes. The treatment of tumor cells with the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine was able to prevent Zn2+-induced apoptosis, as well as the increase of p53 and Fas ligand protein induced by zinc. The data demonstrate that zinc exerts a direct action on mammary cancer cells inducing ROS-mediated apoptosis and that the effect may be mediated by the ROS-dependent induction of p53 and Fas/Fas ligand.
AB - Some recent evidence has suggested a protective role of zinc against cancer. The mechanism by which zinc exerts this action has not been defined and, in particular, it has not been clarified whether zinc may directly act on cancer cells and the molecular mechanisms involved in this effect. In this study, we examined the in vitro effect of zinc on the apoptosis of mouse TS/A mammary adenocarcinoma cells, studying the zinc-dependent modulation of the intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and of p53 and Fas/Fas ligand pathways. We showed that zinc concentrations ranging from 33.7 to 75 μM Zn2+ induced apoptosis in mammary cancer cells. The apoptosis was associated with an increased production of intracellular ROS, and of p53 and Fas/Fas ligand mRNA and protein. Zn2+ induced a faint metallothionein response in TS/A cells in comparison with mouse lymphocytes. The treatment of tumor cells with the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine was able to prevent Zn2+-induced apoptosis, as well as the increase of p53 and Fas ligand protein induced by zinc. The data demonstrate that zinc exerts a direct action on mammary cancer cells inducing ROS-mediated apoptosis and that the effect may be mediated by the ROS-dependent induction of p53 and Fas/Fas ligand.
KW - Apoptosis
KW - Fas/Fas ligand
KW - Free radicals
KW - P53
KW - Reactive oxygen species
KW - Tumor cells
KW - Zinc
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0036489216&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=0036489216&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/S0891-5849(01)00830-9
DO - 10.1016/S0891-5849(01)00830-9
M3 - Article
C2 - 11864783
AN - SCOPUS:0036489216
VL - 32
SP - 431
EP - 445
JO - Free Radical Biology and Medicine
JF - Free Radical Biology and Medicine
SN - 0891-5849
IS - 5
ER -