Abstract
Bronchiolitis is the most frequent airway infection in the first 2 years of life, and the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the virus more frequent responsible. In selected high-risk groups, RSV may cause severe respiratory disease leading to hospitalisation, need for mechanical ventilation, and even death. These high-risk groups include children with congenital heart disease, infants with neuromuscular impairment, cystic fibrosis, down syndrome, immunodeficiency syndromes and others specific conditions. In these high-risk populations defined in literature as "special population", a 3- to 10-fold increase in the rate of RSV hospitalisation has been observed, justifying RSV specific prophylaxis with Palivizumab, a monoclonal antibody that binds a viral glycoprotein epitope and blocks the link between RSV and target cell. Evidence of safety and efficacy of RSV prophylaxis in these populations is lacking. Given the low incidence of these conditions, randomised clinical trials are not feasible. The purpose of this paper is to give an update from the literature of various conditions at higher risk to develop severe RSV infection, and to offer an overview of the efficacy of Palivizumab in preventing RSV infection in these specific populations.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Journal | Minerva Pediatrica |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | E-pub ahead of print - Oct 18 2018 |
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Respiratory syncytial virus prophylaxis and the "special population". / Mirra, Virginia; Ullmann, Nicola; Cherchi, Claudio; Onofri, Alessandro; Paglietti, Maria G; Cutrera, Renato.
In: Minerva Pediatrica, 18.10.2018.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Respiratory syncytial virus prophylaxis and the "special population"
AU - Mirra, Virginia
AU - Ullmann, Nicola
AU - Cherchi, Claudio
AU - Onofri, Alessandro
AU - Paglietti, Maria G
AU - Cutrera, Renato
PY - 2018/10/18
Y1 - 2018/10/18
N2 - Bronchiolitis is the most frequent airway infection in the first 2 years of life, and the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the virus more frequent responsible. In selected high-risk groups, RSV may cause severe respiratory disease leading to hospitalisation, need for mechanical ventilation, and even death. These high-risk groups include children with congenital heart disease, infants with neuromuscular impairment, cystic fibrosis, down syndrome, immunodeficiency syndromes and others specific conditions. In these high-risk populations defined in literature as "special population", a 3- to 10-fold increase in the rate of RSV hospitalisation has been observed, justifying RSV specific prophylaxis with Palivizumab, a monoclonal antibody that binds a viral glycoprotein epitope and blocks the link between RSV and target cell. Evidence of safety and efficacy of RSV prophylaxis in these populations is lacking. Given the low incidence of these conditions, randomised clinical trials are not feasible. The purpose of this paper is to give an update from the literature of various conditions at higher risk to develop severe RSV infection, and to offer an overview of the efficacy of Palivizumab in preventing RSV infection in these specific populations.
AB - Bronchiolitis is the most frequent airway infection in the first 2 years of life, and the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the virus more frequent responsible. In selected high-risk groups, RSV may cause severe respiratory disease leading to hospitalisation, need for mechanical ventilation, and even death. These high-risk groups include children with congenital heart disease, infants with neuromuscular impairment, cystic fibrosis, down syndrome, immunodeficiency syndromes and others specific conditions. In these high-risk populations defined in literature as "special population", a 3- to 10-fold increase in the rate of RSV hospitalisation has been observed, justifying RSV specific prophylaxis with Palivizumab, a monoclonal antibody that binds a viral glycoprotein epitope and blocks the link between RSV and target cell. Evidence of safety and efficacy of RSV prophylaxis in these populations is lacking. Given the low incidence of these conditions, randomised clinical trials are not feasible. The purpose of this paper is to give an update from the literature of various conditions at higher risk to develop severe RSV infection, and to offer an overview of the efficacy of Palivizumab in preventing RSV infection in these specific populations.
U2 - 10.23736/S0026-4946.18.05316-1
DO - 10.23736/S0026-4946.18.05316-1
M3 - Article
JO - Minerva Pediatrica
JF - Minerva Pediatrica
SN - 0026-4946
ER -