Serum tumour markers in germ cell tumours: From diagnosis to cure

Paolo Pedrazzoli; Giovanni Rosti; Eleonora Soresini; Silvia Ciani; Simona Secondino

doi:10.1016/j.critrevonc.2021.103224

Serum tumour markers in germ cell tumours: From diagnosis to cure

Paolo Pedrazzoli, Giovanni Rosti, Eleonora Soresini, Silvia Ciani, Simona Secondino

IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico San Matteo

Research output: Contribution to journal › Review article › peer-review

Abstract

Germ cell tumors (GCTs) represent the best and the only example of solid tumors curable in the large majority of patients. GCTs are one of the few malignancies for which specific biochemical markers have been identified: human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) and alfa-fetoprotein (AFP). Due to their specificity and sensitivity they constitute formidable tools in the diagnosis and monitoring of treatment for GCTs. As a tumor mass marker, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) is also considered. Tumor markers are expressed in 15–20% of seminoma and 60–80% of non-seminoma. With the aim to increase sensitivity and specificity, recent studies have proposed miRNAs as serum biomarkers. This review will focus on role of serum tumor markers in diagnosis, staging, prognosis, monitoring of response, and finally follow-up of GCTs.

Original language	English
Article number	103224
Journal	Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology
Volume	159
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.critrevonc.2021.103224
Publication status	Published - Mar 2021

Keywords

Germ cell tumors
miRNA
Tumor markers

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Hematology
Oncology

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title = "Serum tumour markers in germ cell tumours: From diagnosis to cure",

abstract = "Germ cell tumors (GCTs) represent the best and the only example of solid tumors curable in the large majority of patients. GCTs are one of the few malignancies for which specific biochemical markers have been identified: human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) and alfa-fetoprotein (AFP). Due to their specificity and sensitivity they constitute formidable tools in the diagnosis and monitoring of treatment for GCTs. As a tumor mass marker, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) is also considered. Tumor markers are expressed in 15–20% of seminoma and 60–80% of non-seminoma. With the aim to increase sensitivity and specificity, recent studies have proposed miRNAs as serum biomarkers. This review will focus on role of serum tumor markers in diagnosis, staging, prognosis, monitoring of response, and finally follow-up of GCTs.",

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T2 - From diagnosis to cure

AU - Pedrazzoli, Paolo

AU - Rosti, Giovanni

AU - Soresini, Eleonora

AU - Ciani, Silvia

AU - Secondino, Simona

PY - 2021/3

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N2 - Germ cell tumors (GCTs) represent the best and the only example of solid tumors curable in the large majority of patients. GCTs are one of the few malignancies for which specific biochemical markers have been identified: human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) and alfa-fetoprotein (AFP). Due to their specificity and sensitivity they constitute formidable tools in the diagnosis and monitoring of treatment for GCTs. As a tumor mass marker, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) is also considered. Tumor markers are expressed in 15–20% of seminoma and 60–80% of non-seminoma. With the aim to increase sensitivity and specificity, recent studies have proposed miRNAs as serum biomarkers. This review will focus on role of serum tumor markers in diagnosis, staging, prognosis, monitoring of response, and finally follow-up of GCTs.

AB - Germ cell tumors (GCTs) represent the best and the only example of solid tumors curable in the large majority of patients. GCTs are one of the few malignancies for which specific biochemical markers have been identified: human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) and alfa-fetoprotein (AFP). Due to their specificity and sensitivity they constitute formidable tools in the diagnosis and monitoring of treatment for GCTs. As a tumor mass marker, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) is also considered. Tumor markers are expressed in 15–20% of seminoma and 60–80% of non-seminoma. With the aim to increase sensitivity and specificity, recent studies have proposed miRNAs as serum biomarkers. This review will focus on role of serum tumor markers in diagnosis, staging, prognosis, monitoring of response, and finally follow-up of GCTs.

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