TY - JOUR
T1 - Shortened tuberculosis treatment regimens
T2 - What is new?
AU - Silva, Denise Rossato
AU - Mello, Fernanda Carvalho de Queiroz
AU - Migliori, Giovanni Battista
N1 - Funding Information:
The present review was conducted under the auspices of the European Respiratory Society (ERS)/Asociaci?n Latinoamericana de T?raxALAT and ERS/Sociedade Brasileira de Pneumologia e Tisiologia collaborative projects and the operational research plan of the WHO Collaborating Centre for Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (Tradate, ITA-80, 2017-2020-GBM/RC/LDA), as well as those of the Global TB Network, hosted by the World Association for Infectious Diseases and Immunological Disorders.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 Sociedade Brasileira de Pneumologia e Tisiologia.
Copyright:
Copyright 2020 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2020
Y1 - 2020
N2 - Given the global burden of tuberculosis, shortened treatment regimens with existing or repurposed drugs are needed to contribute to tuberculosis control. The long duration of treatment of drug-susceptible tuberculosis (DS-TB) is associated with nonadherence and loss to follow up, and the treatment success rate of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is low (approximately 50%) with longer regimens. In this review article, we report recent advances and ongoing clinical trials aimed at shortening regimens for DSTB and MDR-TB. We discuss the role of high-dose rifampin, as well as that of clofazimine and linezolid in regimens for DS-TB. There are at least 5 ongoing clinical trials and 17 observational studies and clinical trials evaluating shorter regimens for DS-TB and MDRTB, respectively. We also report the results of observational studies and clinical trials evaluating a standardized nine-month moxifloxacin-based regimen for MDR-TB. Further studies, especially randomized clinical trials, are needed to evaluate regimens including newer drugs, drugs proven to be or highly likely to be efficacious, and all-oral drugs in an effort to eliminate the need for injectable drugs.
AB - Given the global burden of tuberculosis, shortened treatment regimens with existing or repurposed drugs are needed to contribute to tuberculosis control. The long duration of treatment of drug-susceptible tuberculosis (DS-TB) is associated with nonadherence and loss to follow up, and the treatment success rate of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is low (approximately 50%) with longer regimens. In this review article, we report recent advances and ongoing clinical trials aimed at shortening regimens for DSTB and MDR-TB. We discuss the role of high-dose rifampin, as well as that of clofazimine and linezolid in regimens for DS-TB. There are at least 5 ongoing clinical trials and 17 observational studies and clinical trials evaluating shorter regimens for DS-TB and MDRTB, respectively. We also report the results of observational studies and clinical trials evaluating a standardized nine-month moxifloxacin-based regimen for MDR-TB. Further studies, especially randomized clinical trials, are needed to evaluate regimens including newer drugs, drugs proven to be or highly likely to be efficacious, and all-oral drugs in an effort to eliminate the need for injectable drugs.
KW - Drug resistance, Bacterial
KW - Tuberculosis, Multidrug-resistant/drug therapy
KW - Tuberculosis/drug therapy
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85082442453&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85082442453&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.36416/1806-3756/e20200009
DO - 10.36416/1806-3756/e20200009
M3 - Review article
C2 - 32215450
AN - SCOPUS:85082442453
VL - 46
SP - 1
EP - 8
JO - Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia
JF - Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia
SN - 1806-3713
IS - 2
M1 - e20200009
ER -