Abstract
Background: Anger is involved in the emotional experience of pain. Individuals with migraine are more likely to hold their anger-in than controls. However, only one study evaluated anger in cluster headache (CH). The objective is to compare anger between migraine and CH patients. Methods: One hundred thirty-five migraine and 108 CH patients completed the State Trait Anger Expression Inventory (STAXI-2), composed of 7 subscales. State Anger measures the intensity of the individual’s angry feelings at the time of testing. Trait Anger evaluates general predisposition to become angry. Anger Expression Out and Anger Expression In measure the extent to which anger could be overtly expressed or suppressed. Anger Control Out and Anger Control In evaluate how individual try to control the outward or inward expression of anger. Anger Expression Index is a general index. Results: CH patients have higher median scores than migraine patients in State Anger (46 vs 44, p = 0.012). CH patients have lower scores in Anger Control Out (44 vs 50, p = 0.016). In subgroup analysis, CH patients during the cluster period have higher scores than chronic migraine patients in State Anger (47 vs 44, p = 0.035), while CH patients in headache-free period did not differ from migraine patients. Conclusions: Migraine and CH patients differ in state anger, indicating that CH patients experienced higher intensity of anger during the time of testing. These data add new information about emotional regulation in headache patients and could support the hypothesis of different emotional and behavioral responses to pain in migraine and CH patients.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 2365-2370 |
| Number of pages | 6 |
| Journal | Neurological Sciences |
| Volume | 40 |
| Issue number | 11 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - Nov 1 2019 |
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Keywords
- Chronic headache
- Emotional regulation
- Pain
- STAXI-2
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Dermatology
- Clinical Neurology
- Psychiatry and Mental health
Cite this
State and trait anger and its expression in cluster headache compared with migraine : a cross-sectional study. / Rausa, Marialuisa; Cevoli, Sabina; Giannini, Giulia; Favoni, Valentina; Contin, Sara Anastasia; Zenesini, Corrado; Ballardini, Donatella; Cortelli, Pietro; Pierangeli, Giulia.
In: Neurological Sciences, Vol. 40, No. 11, 01.11.2019, p. 2365-2370.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - State and trait anger and its expression in cluster headache compared with migraine
T2 - a cross-sectional study
AU - Rausa, Marialuisa
AU - Cevoli, Sabina
AU - Giannini, Giulia
AU - Favoni, Valentina
AU - Contin, Sara Anastasia
AU - Zenesini, Corrado
AU - Ballardini, Donatella
AU - Cortelli, Pietro
AU - Pierangeli, Giulia
N1 - Ricercatori distaccati presso IRCCS a seguito Convenzione esclusiva con Università di Bologna (Cortelli Pietro, Pierangeli Giulia).
PY - 2019/11/1
Y1 - 2019/11/1
N2 - Background: Anger is involved in the emotional experience of pain. Individuals with migraine are more likely to hold their anger-in than controls. However, only one study evaluated anger in cluster headache (CH). The objective is to compare anger between migraine and CH patients. Methods: One hundred thirty-five migraine and 108 CH patients completed the State Trait Anger Expression Inventory (STAXI-2), composed of 7 subscales. State Anger measures the intensity of the individual’s angry feelings at the time of testing. Trait Anger evaluates general predisposition to become angry. Anger Expression Out and Anger Expression In measure the extent to which anger could be overtly expressed or suppressed. Anger Control Out and Anger Control In evaluate how individual try to control the outward or inward expression of anger. Anger Expression Index is a general index. Results: CH patients have higher median scores than migraine patients in State Anger (46 vs 44, p = 0.012). CH patients have lower scores in Anger Control Out (44 vs 50, p = 0.016). In subgroup analysis, CH patients during the cluster period have higher scores than chronic migraine patients in State Anger (47 vs 44, p = 0.035), while CH patients in headache-free period did not differ from migraine patients. Conclusions: Migraine and CH patients differ in state anger, indicating that CH patients experienced higher intensity of anger during the time of testing. These data add new information about emotional regulation in headache patients and could support the hypothesis of different emotional and behavioral responses to pain in migraine and CH patients.
AB - Background: Anger is involved in the emotional experience of pain. Individuals with migraine are more likely to hold their anger-in than controls. However, only one study evaluated anger in cluster headache (CH). The objective is to compare anger between migraine and CH patients. Methods: One hundred thirty-five migraine and 108 CH patients completed the State Trait Anger Expression Inventory (STAXI-2), composed of 7 subscales. State Anger measures the intensity of the individual’s angry feelings at the time of testing. Trait Anger evaluates general predisposition to become angry. Anger Expression Out and Anger Expression In measure the extent to which anger could be overtly expressed or suppressed. Anger Control Out and Anger Control In evaluate how individual try to control the outward or inward expression of anger. Anger Expression Index is a general index. Results: CH patients have higher median scores than migraine patients in State Anger (46 vs 44, p = 0.012). CH patients have lower scores in Anger Control Out (44 vs 50, p = 0.016). In subgroup analysis, CH patients during the cluster period have higher scores than chronic migraine patients in State Anger (47 vs 44, p = 0.035), while CH patients in headache-free period did not differ from migraine patients. Conclusions: Migraine and CH patients differ in state anger, indicating that CH patients experienced higher intensity of anger during the time of testing. These data add new information about emotional regulation in headache patients and could support the hypothesis of different emotional and behavioral responses to pain in migraine and CH patients.
KW - Chronic headache
KW - Emotional regulation
KW - Pain
KW - STAXI-2
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85068349548&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85068349548&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/s10072-019-03987-0
DO - 10.1007/s10072-019-03987-0
M3 - Article
C2 - 31254182
AN - SCOPUS:85068349548
VL - 40
SP - 2365
EP - 2370
JO - Neurological Sciences
JF - Neurological Sciences
SN - 1590-1874
IS - 11
ER -