Structural neuroimaging biomarkers for obsessive-compulsive disorder in the ENIGMA-OCD consortium: medication matters: Translational Psychiatry

W.B. Bruin; L. Taylor; R.M. Thomas; J.P. Shock; P. Zhutovsky; Y. Abe; P. Alonso; S.H. Ameis; A. Anticevic; P.D. Arnold; F. Assogna; F. Benedetti; J.C. Beucke; P.S.W. Boedhoe; I. Bollettini; A. Bose; S. Brem; B.P. Brennan; J.K. Buitelaar; R. Calvo; Y. Cheng; K.I.K. Cho; S. Dallaspezia; D. Denys; B.A. Ely; J.D. Feusner; K.D. Fitzgerald; J.-P. Fouche; E.A. Fridgeirsson; P. Gruner; D.A. Gürsel; T.U. Hauser; Y. Hirano; M.Q. Hoexter; H. Hu; C. Huyser; I. Ivanov; A. James; F. Jaspers-Fayer; N. Kathmann; C. Kaufmann; K. Koch; M. Kuno; G. Kvale; J.S. Kwon; Y. Liu; C. Lochner; L. Lázaro; P. Marques; R. Marsh; I. Martínez-Zalacaín; D. Mataix-Cols; J.M. Menchón; L. Minuzzi; P.S. Moreira; A. Morer; P. Morgado; A. Nakagawa; T. Nakamae; T. Nakao; J.C. Narayanaswamy; E.L. Nurmi; J. O’Neill; J.C. Pariente; C. Perriello; J. Piacentini; F. Piras; Y.C.J. Reddy; O.G. Rus-Oswald; Y. Sakai; J.R. Sato; L. Schmaal; E. Shimizu; H.B. Simpson; N. Soreni; C. Soriano-Mas; G. Spalletta; E.R. Stern; M.C. Stevens; S.E. Stewart; P.R. Szeszko; D.F. Tolin; G. Venkatasubramanian; Z. Wang; J.-Y. Yun; D. van Rooij; N. Banaj; N. Bargalló; M.C. Batistuzzo; D. Brandeis; G.F. Busatto; A. Calvo; V. Ciullo; R. Drechsler; M. Esteves; A. Falini; Y. Fang; M. Figee; M. Fontaine; M. Gueguen; S. Hamatani; G.L. Hanna; B. Hansen; K. Ikari; R. Magalhães; Y. Masuda; K. Matsumoto; E.C. Miguel; C. Pittenger; S. Poletti; N. Sousa; J. Takahashi; A.L. Thorsen; A. Tsuchiyagaito; D. Vecchio; D.J. Veltman; S. Walitza; A. Watanabe; X. Xu; J. Xu; K. Yamada; T. Yoshida; M. Zarei; Q. Zhao; C. Zhou; F.E. de Vries; S.J. de Wit; G.A. van Wingen; O.A. van den Heuvel; Y.D. van der Werf; P.M. Thompson; D.J. Stein; ENIGMA-OCD Working Group

doi:10.1038/s41398-020-01013-y

Structural neuroimaging biomarkers for obsessive-compulsive disorder in the ENIGMA-OCD consortium: medication matters: Translational Psychiatry

W.B. Bruin, L. Taylor, R.M. Thomas, J.P. Shock, P. Zhutovsky, Y. Abe, P. Alonso, S.H. Ameis, A. Anticevic, P.D. Arnold, F. Assogna, F. Benedetti, J.C. Beucke, P.S.W. Boedhoe, I. Bollettini, A. Bose, S. Brem, B.P. Brennan, J.K. Buitelaar, R. CalvoY. Cheng, K.I.K. Cho, S. Dallaspezia, D. Denys, B.A. Ely, J.D. Feusner, K.D. Fitzgerald, J.-P. Fouche, E.A. Fridgeirsson, P. Gruner, D.A. Gürsel, T.U. Hauser, Y. Hirano, M.Q. Hoexter, H. Hu, C. Huyser, I. Ivanov, A. James, F. Jaspers-Fayer, N. Kathmann, C. Kaufmann, K. Koch, M. Kuno, G. Kvale, J.S. Kwon, Y. Liu, C. Lochner, L. Lázaro, P. Marques, R. Marsh, I. Martínez-Zalacaín, D. Mataix-Cols, J.M. Menchón, L. Minuzzi, P.S. Moreira, A. Morer, P. Morgado, A. Nakagawa, T. Nakamae, T. Nakao, J.C. Narayanaswamy, E.L. Nurmi, J. O’Neill, J.C. Pariente, C. Perriello, J. Piacentini, F. Piras, Y.C.J. Reddy, O.G. Rus-Oswald, Y. Sakai, J.R. Sato, L. Schmaal, E. Shimizu, H.B. Simpson, N. Soreni, C. Soriano-Mas, G. Spalletta, E.R. Stern, M.C. Stevens, S.E. Stewart, P.R. Szeszko, D.F. Tolin, G. Venkatasubramanian, Z. Wang, J.-Y. Yun, D. van Rooij, N. Banaj, N. Bargalló, M.C. Batistuzzo, D. Brandeis, G.F. Busatto, A. Calvo, V. Ciullo, R. Drechsler, M. Esteves, A. Falini, Y. Fang, M. Figee, M. Fontaine, M. Gueguen, S. Hamatani, G.L. Hanna, B. Hansen, K. Ikari, R. Magalhães, Y. Masuda, K. Matsumoto, E.C. Miguel, C. Pittenger, S. Poletti, N. Sousa, J. Takahashi, A.L. Thorsen, A. Tsuchiyagaito, D. Vecchio, D.J. Veltman, S. Walitza, A. Watanabe, X. Xu, J. Xu, K. Yamada, T. Yoshida, M. Zarei, Q. Zhao, C. Zhou, F.E. de Vries, S.J. de Wit, G.A. van Wingen, O.A. van den Heuvel, Y.D. van der Werf, P.M. Thompson, D.J. Stein, ENIGMA-OCD Working Group

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

No diagnostic biomarkers are available for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Here, we aimed to identify magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) biomarkers for OCD, using 46 data sets with 2304 OCD patients and 2068 healthy controls from the ENIGMA consortium. We performed machine learning analysis of regional measures of cortical thickness, surface area and subcortical volume and tested classification performance using cross-validation. Classification performance for OCD vs. controls using the complete sample with different classifiers and cross-validation strategies was poor. When models were validated on data from other sites, model performance did not exceed chance-level. In contrast, fair classification performance was achieved when patients were grouped according to their medication status. These results indicate that medication use is associated with substantial differences in brain anatomy that are widely distributed, and indicate that clinical heterogeneity contributes to the poor performance of structural MRI as a disease marker. © 2020, The Author(s).

Original language	English
Article number	342
Journal	Transl. Psychiatry
Volume	10
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41398-020-01013-y
Publication status	Published - 2020

Keywords

biological marker
adult
Article
controlled study
cortical thickness (brain)
cross validation
human
machine learning
major clinical study
neuroimaging
nuclear magnetic resonance imaging
obsessive compulsive disorder
surface area

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10.1038/s41398-020-01013-y

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Bruin, W. B., Taylor, L., Thomas, R. M., Shock, J. P., Zhutovsky, P., Abe, Y., Alonso, P., Ameis, S. H., Anticevic, A., Arnold, P. D., Assogna, F., Benedetti, F., Beucke, J. C., Boedhoe, P. S. W., Bollettini, I., Bose, A., Brem, S., Brennan, B. P., Buitelaar, J. K., ... Group, ENIGMA-OCD. W. (2020). Structural neuroimaging biomarkers for obsessive-compulsive disorder in the ENIGMA-OCD consortium: medication matters: Translational Psychiatry. Transl. Psychiatry, 10(1), [342]. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41398-020-01013-y

Structural neuroimaging biomarkers for obsessive-compulsive disorder in the ENIGMA-OCD consortium: medication matters : Translational Psychiatry. / Bruin, W.B.; Taylor, L.; Thomas, R.M.; Shock, J.P.; Zhutovsky, P.; Abe, Y.; Alonso, P.; Ameis, S.H.; Anticevic, A.; Arnold, P.D.; Assogna, F.; Benedetti, F.; Beucke, J.C.; Boedhoe, P.S.W.; Bollettini, I.; Bose, A.; Brem, S.; Brennan, B.P.; Buitelaar, J.K.; Calvo, R.; Cheng, Y.; Cho, K.I.K.; Dallaspezia, S.; Denys, D.; Ely, B.A.; Feusner, J.D.; Fitzgerald, K.D.; Fouche, J.-P.; Fridgeirsson, E.A.; Gruner, P.; Gürsel, D.A.; Hauser, T.U.; Hirano, Y.; Hoexter, M.Q.; Hu, H.; Huyser, C.; Ivanov, I.; James, A.; Jaspers-Fayer, F.; Kathmann, N.; Kaufmann, C.; Koch, K.; Kuno, M.; Kvale, G.; Kwon, J.S.; Liu, Y.; Lochner, C.; Lázaro, L.; Marques, P.; Marsh, R.; Martínez-Zalacaín, I.; Mataix-Cols, D.; Menchón, J.M.; Minuzzi, L.; Moreira, P.S.; Morer, A.; Morgado, P.; Nakagawa, A.; Nakamae, T.; Nakao, T.; Narayanaswamy, J.C.; Nurmi, E.L.; O’Neill, J.; Pariente, J.C.; Perriello, C.; Piacentini, J.; Piras, F.; Reddy, Y.C.J.; Rus-Oswald, O.G.; Sakai, Y.; Sato, J.R.; Schmaal, L.; Shimizu, E.; Simpson, H.B.; Soreni, N.; Soriano-Mas, C.; Spalletta, G.; Stern, E.R.; Stevens, M.C.; Stewart, S.E.; Szeszko, P.R.; Tolin, D.F.; Venkatasubramanian, G.; Wang, Z.; Yun, J.-Y.; van Rooij, D.; Banaj, N.; Bargalló, N.; Batistuzzo, M.C.; Brandeis, D.; Busatto, G.F.; Calvo, A.; Ciullo, V.; Drechsler, R.; Esteves, M.; Falini, A.; Fang, Y.; Figee, M.; Fontaine, M.; Gueguen, M.; Hamatani, S.; Hanna, G.L.; Hansen, B.; Ikari, K.; Magalhães, R.; Masuda, Y.; Matsumoto, K.; Miguel, E.C.; Pittenger, C.; Poletti, S.; Sousa, N.; Takahashi, J.; Thorsen, A.L.; Tsuchiyagaito, A.; Vecchio, D.; Veltman, D.J.; Walitza, S.; Watanabe, A.; Xu, X.; Xu, J.; Yamada, K.; Yoshida, T.; Zarei, M.; Zhao, Q.; Zhou, C.; de Vries, F.E.; de Wit, S.J.; van Wingen, G.A.; van den Heuvel, O.A.; van der Werf, Y.D.; Thompson, P.M.; Stein, D.J.; Group, ENIGMA-OCD Working.

In: Transl. Psychiatry, Vol. 10, No. 1, 342, 2020.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Bruin, WB, Taylor, L, Thomas, RM, Shock, JP, Zhutovsky, P, Abe, Y, Alonso, P, Ameis, SH, Anticevic, A, Arnold, PD, Assogna, F , Benedetti, F, Beucke, JC, Boedhoe, PSW, Bollettini, I, Bose, A, Brem, S, Brennan, BP, Buitelaar, JK, Calvo, R, Cheng, Y, Cho, KIK, Dallaspezia, S, Denys, D, Ely, BA, Feusner, JD, Fitzgerald, KD, Fouche, J-P, Fridgeirsson, EA, Gruner, P, Gürsel, DA, Hauser, TU, Hirano, Y, Hoexter, MQ, Hu, H, Huyser, C, Ivanov, I, James, A, Jaspers-Fayer, F, Kathmann, N, Kaufmann, C, Koch, K, Kuno, M, Kvale, G, Kwon, JS, Liu, Y, Lochner, C, Lázaro, L, Marques, P, Marsh, R, Martínez-Zalacaín, I, Mataix-Cols, D, Menchón, JM, Minuzzi, L, Moreira, PS, Morer, A, Morgado, P, Nakagawa, A, Nakamae, T, Nakao, T, Narayanaswamy, JC, Nurmi, EL, O’Neill, J, Pariente, JC, Perriello, C, Piacentini, J, Piras, F, Reddy, YCJ, Rus-Oswald, OG, Sakai, Y, Sato, JR, Schmaal, L, Shimizu, E, Simpson, HB, Soreni, N, Soriano-Mas, C, Spalletta, G, Stern, ER, Stevens, MC, Stewart, SE, Szeszko, PR, Tolin, DF, Venkatasubramanian, G, Wang, Z, Yun, J-Y, van Rooij, D, Banaj, N, Bargalló, N, Batistuzzo, MC, Brandeis, D, Busatto, GF, Calvo, A, Ciullo, V, Drechsler, R, Esteves, M, Falini, A, Fang, Y, Figee, M, Fontaine, M, Gueguen, M, Hamatani, S, Hanna, GL, Hansen, B, Ikari, K, Magalhães, R, Masuda, Y, Matsumoto, K, Miguel, EC, Pittenger, C, Poletti, S, Sousa, N, Takahashi, J, Thorsen, AL, Tsuchiyagaito, A, Vecchio, D, Veltman, DJ, Walitza, S, Watanabe, A, Xu, X, Xu, J, Yamada, K, Yoshida, T, Zarei, M, Zhao, Q, Zhou, C, de Vries, FE, de Wit, SJ, van Wingen, GA, van den Heuvel, OA, van der Werf, YD, Thompson, PM, Stein, DJ & Group, ENIGMA-OCDW 2020, 'Structural neuroimaging biomarkers for obsessive-compulsive disorder in the ENIGMA-OCD consortium: medication matters: Translational Psychiatry', Transl. Psychiatry, vol. 10, no. 1, 342. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41398-020-01013-y

Bruin, W.B. ; Taylor, L. ; Thomas, R.M. ; Shock, J.P. ; Zhutovsky, P. ; Abe, Y. ; Alonso, P. ; Ameis, S.H. ; Anticevic, A. ; Arnold, P.D. ; Assogna, F. ; Benedetti, F. ; Beucke, J.C. ; Boedhoe, P.S.W. ; Bollettini, I. ; Bose, A. ; Brem, S. ; Brennan, B.P. ; Buitelaar, J.K. ; Calvo, R. ; Cheng, Y. ; Cho, K.I.K. ; Dallaspezia, S. ; Denys, D. ; Ely, B.A. ; Feusner, J.D. ; Fitzgerald, K.D. ; Fouche, J.-P. ; Fridgeirsson, E.A. ; Gruner, P. ; Gürsel, D.A. ; Hauser, T.U. ; Hirano, Y. ; Hoexter, M.Q. ; Hu, H. ; Huyser, C. ; Ivanov, I. ; James, A. ; Jaspers-Fayer, F. ; Kathmann, N. ; Kaufmann, C. ; Koch, K. ; Kuno, M. ; Kvale, G. ; Kwon, J.S. ; Liu, Y. ; Lochner, C. ; Lázaro, L. ; Marques, P. ; Marsh, R. ; Martínez-Zalacaín, I. ; Mataix-Cols, D. ; Menchón, J.M. ; Minuzzi, L. ; Moreira, P.S. ; Morer, A. ; Morgado, P. ; Nakagawa, A. ; Nakamae, T. ; Nakao, T. ; Narayanaswamy, J.C. ; Nurmi, E.L. ; O’Neill, J. ; Pariente, J.C. ; Perriello, C. ; Piacentini, J. ; Piras, F. ; Reddy, Y.C.J. ; Rus-Oswald, O.G. ; Sakai, Y. ; Sato, J.R. ; Schmaal, L. ; Shimizu, E. ; Simpson, H.B. ; Soreni, N. ; Soriano-Mas, C. ; Spalletta, G. ; Stern, E.R. ; Stevens, M.C. ; Stewart, S.E. ; Szeszko, P.R. ; Tolin, D.F. ; Venkatasubramanian, G. ; Wang, Z. ; Yun, J.-Y. ; van Rooij, D. ; Banaj, N. ; Bargalló, N. ; Batistuzzo, M.C. ; Brandeis, D. ; Busatto, G.F. ; Calvo, A. ; Ciullo, V. ; Drechsler, R. ; Esteves, M. ; Falini, A. ; Fang, Y. ; Figee, M. ; Fontaine, M. ; Gueguen, M. ; Hamatani, S. ; Hanna, G.L. ; Hansen, B. ; Ikari, K. ; Magalhães, R. ; Masuda, Y. ; Matsumoto, K. ; Miguel, E.C. ; Pittenger, C. ; Poletti, S. ; Sousa, N. ; Takahashi, J. ; Thorsen, A.L. ; Tsuchiyagaito, A. ; Vecchio, D. ; Veltman, D.J. ; Walitza, S. ; Watanabe, A. ; Xu, X. ; Xu, J. ; Yamada, K. ; Yoshida, T. ; Zarei, M. ; Zhao, Q. ; Zhou, C. ; de Vries, F.E. ; de Wit, S.J. ; van Wingen, G.A. ; van den Heuvel, O.A. ; van der Werf, Y.D. ; Thompson, P.M. ; Stein, D.J. ; Group, ENIGMA-OCD Working. / Structural neuroimaging biomarkers for obsessive-compulsive disorder in the ENIGMA-OCD consortium: medication matters : Translational Psychiatry. In: Transl. Psychiatry. 2020 ; Vol. 10, No. 1.

@article{35cf6699a1a24248aad0fdea96fb1daa,

title = "Structural neuroimaging biomarkers for obsessive-compulsive disorder in the ENIGMA-OCD consortium: medication matters: Translational Psychiatry",

abstract = "No diagnostic biomarkers are available for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Here, we aimed to identify magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) biomarkers for OCD, using 46 data sets with 2304 OCD patients and 2068 healthy controls from the ENIGMA consortium. We performed machine learning analysis of regional measures of cortical thickness, surface area and subcortical volume and tested classification performance using cross-validation. Classification performance for OCD vs. controls using the complete sample with different classifiers and cross-validation strategies was poor. When models were validated on data from other sites, model performance did not exceed chance-level. In contrast, fair classification performance was achieved when patients were grouped according to their medication status. These results indicate that medication use is associated with substantial differences in brain anatomy that are widely distributed, and indicate that clinical heterogeneity contributes to the poor performance of structural MRI as a disease marker. {\textcopyright} 2020, The Author(s).",

keywords = "biological marker, adult, Article, controlled study, cortical thickness (brain), cross validation, human, machine learning, major clinical study, neuroimaging, nuclear magnetic resonance imaging, obsessive compulsive disorder, surface area",

author = "W.B. Bruin and L. Taylor and R.M. Thomas and J.P. Shock and P. Zhutovsky and Y. Abe and P. Alonso and S.H. Ameis and A. Anticevic and P.D. Arnold and F. Assogna and F. Benedetti and J.C. Beucke and P.S.W. Boedhoe and I. Bollettini and A. Bose and S. Brem and B.P. Brennan and J.K. Buitelaar and R. Calvo and Y. Cheng and K.I.K. Cho and S. Dallaspezia and D. Denys and B.A. Ely and J.D. Feusner and K.D. Fitzgerald and J.-P. Fouche and E.A. Fridgeirsson and P. Gruner and D.A. G{\"u}rsel and T.U. Hauser and Y. Hirano and M.Q. Hoexter and H. Hu and C. Huyser and I. Ivanov and A. James and F. Jaspers-Fayer and N. Kathmann and C. Kaufmann and K. Koch and M. Kuno and G. Kvale and J.S. Kwon and Y. Liu and C. Lochner and L. L{\'a}zaro and P. Marques and R. Marsh and I. Mart{\'i}nez-Zalaca{\'i}n and D. Mataix-Cols and J.M. Mench{\'o}n and L. Minuzzi and P.S. Moreira and A. Morer and P. Morgado and A. Nakagawa and T. Nakamae and T. Nakao and J.C. Narayanaswamy and E.L. Nurmi and J. O{\textquoteright}Neill and J.C. Pariente and C. Perriello and J. Piacentini and F. Piras and Y.C.J. Reddy and O.G. Rus-Oswald and Y. Sakai and J.R. Sato and L. Schmaal and E. Shimizu and H.B. Simpson and N. Soreni and C. Soriano-Mas and G. Spalletta and E.R. Stern and M.C. Stevens and S.E. Stewart and P.R. Szeszko and D.F. Tolin and G. Venkatasubramanian and Z. Wang and J.-Y. Yun and {van Rooij}, D. and N. Banaj and N. Bargall{\'o} and M.C. Batistuzzo and D. Brandeis and G.F. Busatto and A. Calvo and V. Ciullo and R. Drechsler and M. Esteves and A. Falini and Y. Fang and M. Figee and M. Fontaine and M. Gueguen and S. Hamatani and G.L. Hanna and B. Hansen and K. Ikari and R. Magalh{\~a}es and Y. Masuda and K. Matsumoto and E.C. Miguel and C. Pittenger and S. Poletti and N. Sousa and J. Takahashi and A.L. Thorsen and A. Tsuchiyagaito and D. Vecchio and D.J. Veltman and S. Walitza and A. Watanabe and X. Xu and J. Xu and K. Yamada and T. Yoshida and M. Zarei and Q. Zhao and C. Zhou and {de Vries}, F.E. and {de Wit}, S.J. and {van Wingen}, G.A. and {van den Heuvel}, O.A. and {van der Werf}, Y.D. and P.M. Thompson and D.J. Stein and Group, {ENIGMA-OCD Working}",

note = "Cited By :1 Export Date: 11 March 2021 Correspondence Address: Bruin, W.B.; Amsterdam UMC, Netherlands; email: willembenjamin@gmail.com Correspondence Address: van Wingen, G.A.; Amsterdam UMC, Netherlands; email: g.a.vanwingen@amsterdamumc.nl Funding details: BT/06/IYBA/2012, BT/PR13334/Med/30/259/2009 Funding details: SR/S0/HS/0016/2011 Funding details: 278948 Funding details: R21/ DA045218 Funding details: 920-03-542 Funding details: 917.15.318 Funding details: 13dz2260500 Funding details: 211155/Z/18/Z Funding details: 500236/Z/11/Z, 81371340 Funding details: National Institutes of Health, NIH, U54 EB020403 Funding details: National Institute of Mental Health, NIMH, K23 MH115206, K23-MH09239, K23-MH104515, K23MH082176, R01 MH081864, R01 MH085900, R01 MH107419, R01MH111794, R21MH093889, R21MH101441, R33MH107589 Funding details: National Institute on Drug Abuse, NIDA, R21/DA045218, R21/DA046029 Funding details: Brain and Behavior Research Foundation, BBRF, 27023 Funding details: Dana Foundation Funding details: Eli Lilly and Company Funding details: Massachusetts General Hospital, MGH, K23-MH092397 Funding details: National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, NCATS, UL1TR000067/KL2TR00069 Funding details: International OCD Foundation, IOCDF Funding details: Fundaci{\'o} la Marat{\'o} de TV3, 01/2010, 091710 Funding details: Ontario Brain Institute, OBI Funding details: South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, 064846 Funding details: Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, AMED, JP19dm0307002 Funding details: National Alliance for Research on Schizophrenia and Depression, NARSAD Funding details: Wellcome Trust, WT Funding details: Canadian Institutes of Health Research, CIHR Funding details: Michael Smith Foundation for Health Research, MSFHR Funding details: National Health and Medical Research Council, NHMRC, 1140764 Funding details: National Research Foundation, NRF Funding details: Department of Science and Technology, Republic of South Africa, DST Funding details: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, DFG, KO 3744/7-1 Funding details: Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, KAKEN, 16K04344, 16K19778, 18K07608, 18K15523, 19K03309, 26461762 Funding details: Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Monbusho, 16K10253, 22591262, 25461732 Funding details: Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur F{\"o}rderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung, SNF, SNSF 320030_130237 Funding details: Funda{\c c}{\~a}o de Amparo {\`a} Pesquisa do Estado de S{\~a}o Paulo, FAPESP, 2011/21357-9, 2018/04654-9, 2018/21934-5 Funding details: National Natural Science Foundation of China, NSFC Funding details: ZonMw Funding details: Generalitat de Catalunya Funding details: Ag{\`e}ncia de Gesti{\'o} d'Ajuts Universitaris i de Recerca, AGAUR, 2017 SGR 1247 Funding details: Bundesministerium f{\"u}r Gesundheit, BMG, BMBF-01GW0724 Funding details: Ministero della Salute, RC13-14-15-16-17-18A Funding details: Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek, NWO, 907-00-012, 912-02-050, 916.86.036, 916.86.038, 940-37-018 Funding details: Provincial Health Services Authority, PHSA Funding details: Jacobs Foundation, 2017-1261-04 Funding details: Helse Vest, 911754, 911880 Funding details: Instituto de Salud Carlos III, ISCIII, CPII16/00048, PI040829, PI13/01958, PI16/00889 Funding details: Norges Forskningsr{\aa}d, 243675 Funding details: Hersenstichting, 2010(1)-50 Funding details: Hartmann M{\"u}ller-Stiftung f{\"u}r Medizinische Forschung, 1460 Funding details: Julius M{\"u}ller Stiftung Funding details: European Regional Development Fund, FEDER, 2017 SGR 881, FI17/00294, PI14/00419, PI16/00950 Funding details: The Wellcome Trust DBT India Alliance, WTDBT India Alliance Funding details: Fundaci{\'o} Catalana de Trasplantament, FCT, PDE/BDE/113601/2015 Funding details: Medical Research Foundation Funding details: Alberta Innovates Funding details: National Natural Science Foundation of China-Yunnan Joint Fund, NSFC-Yunnan Joint Fund, 81560233 Funding details: Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, WCMR Funding text 1: Dr. Baker has received research support from the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) and Valera Health. Dr. Brennan has received consulting fees from Rugen Therapeutics and Nobilis Therapeutics and research grant support from Eli Lilly, Transcept Pharmaceuticals, and Biohaven Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Walitza has received lecture honoraria Opopharma in the last 3 years. Her work was supported in the last 3 years by the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF), diverse EU FP7s, HSM Hochspezialisierte Medizin of the Kanton Zurich, Switzerland, Bfarm Germany, Zinep, Hartmann M{\"u}ller Stiftung, Olga Mayenfisch. Dr. Dan J. Stein has received research grants and/or consultancy honoraria from Lundbeck and Sun in the past 3 years. Dr. Paul M. Thompson has received research grant support from Biogen, Inc., for research unrelated to the topic of this manuscript. Dr. Ivanov has received honoraria from Lundbeck as a member of the Data Safety Monitoring Committee and research grants from the National Institute on Drug Abuse in the last 3 years. Dr. Pittenger has received research support and/or honoraria for consultation from Biohaven Pharmaceuticals, Blackthorn Therapeutics, Abide Therapeutics, and Brainsway, and royalties or honoraria from Oxford University Press and Elsevier in the past 3 years. Dr. Feusner has received an honorarium from Pfizer and consultation fees from NOCD, Inc. Dr. Piacentini has received research support from Pfizer Pharmaceuticals for research unrelated to the topic of this manuscript. Dr. Soreni has received support for Investigator Initiated Clinical Trial from Lundbeck LLC unrelated to the topic of this study. Dr. Buitelaar has been in the past 3 years a consultant to/member of advisory board of/and/or speaker for Shire, Roche, Medice, and Servier. He is not an employee of any of these companies, and not a stock shareholder of any of these companies. He has no other financial or material support, including expert testimony, patents, royalties. Dr. Mataix-Cols receives royalties for contributing articles to UpToDate (Wolters Kluwer Health), and for editorial work from Elsevier, all unrelated to the current work. In the last three years, Dr. Simpson has received research support for an industry-sponsored clinical trial from Biohaven Pharmaceuticals, royalties from UpToDate, Inc, and a stipend from JAMA Psychiatry for her role as Associate Editor. Dr. Tolin has received research support from Biohaven Pharmaceuticals. All other individually-named authors in-and outside of the ENIGMA-OCD working group reported no biomedical financial interests or potential conflicts of interest. Funding text 2: The ENIGMA-Obsessive Compulsive Disorder Working-Group gratefully acknowledges support from the NIH BD2K (Big Data to Knowledge) award U54 EB020403 (PI: Dr. Thompson) and Neuroscience Amsterdam, and an IPB grant to Dr. Schmaal and Dr. van den Heuvel. Supported by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS; KAKENHI Grants No. 18K15523 to Dr. Abe, No. 16K19778, No. 18K07608 to Dr. Nakamae, No. 16K04344, 19K03309 to Dr. Hirano, and No. 26461762 to Dr. Nakagawa); the Funda{\c c}{\~a}o de Amparo {\`a} Pesquisa do Estado de S{\~a}o Paulo (FAPESP, S{\~a}o Paulo Research Foundation; Grant No. 2011/21357-9; 2018/04654-9 and 2018/21934-5); the EU FP7 project TACTICS (Grant No. 278948 to Dr. Buitelaar); the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81560233 to Dr. Cheng); the International Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Foundation (IOCDF) Research Award to Dr. Gruner; the Dutch Organization for Scientific Research (NWO) (grants 912-02-050, 907-00-012, 940-37-018, and 916.86.038); the Netherlands Society for Scientific Research (NWO-ZonMw VENI grant 916.86.036 to Dr. van den Heuvel; NWO-ZonMw AGIKO stipend 920-03-542 to Dr. de Vries), a NARSAD Young Investigator Award to Dr. van den Heuvel, and the Netherlands Brain Foundation (2010(1)-50 to Dr. van den Heuvel); the Federal Ministry of Education and Research of Germany (No. BMBF-01GW0724 to Dr. Kathmann); the Alberta Innovates Translational Health Chair in Child and Youth Mental Health and funding from the Ontario Brain Institute to Dr. Arnold; the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG; Grant No. KO 3744/7-1 to Dr. Koch); the Helse Vest Health Authority (No. 911754, 911880 to Dr. Kvale) and the Norwegian Research Council (No. HELSEFORSK 243675 to Dr. Kvale); the Wellcome Trust and a pump priming grant from the South London and Maudsley Trust, London, UK (Project Grant No. 064846 to Dr. Mataix-Cols); the Generalitat de Catalunya (AGAUR 2017 SGR 1247 to Dr. Mench{\'o}n); the PhD-iHES program (FCT fellowship Grant No. PDE/BDE/113601/2015 to Dr. Moreira); the Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C) 22591262, 25461732, 16K10253 to Dr. Nakao); the Italian Ministry of Health (No. RC13-14-15-16-17-18A to Dr. Spalletta, Dr. Piras Fabrizio, Dr. Piras Federica); the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (Grants No. UL1TR000067/KL2TR00069 to Dr. Stern); the SA MRC funding and the National Research Foundation of South Africa to Dr. Stein and Dr. Lochner; the Canadian Institutes of Health Research, Michael Smith Foundation for Health Research, and British Columbia Provincial Health Services Authority funding Dr. Stewart; the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO/ZonMW Vidi 917.15.318 to Dr. van Wingen); the Wellcome-DBT India Alliance (Grant No. 500236/Z/11/Z to Dr. Venkatasubramanian); the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81371340) and the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders (No. 13dz2260500) to Dr. Wang; the Government of India grants from the Department of Science and Technology (Grants No. SR/S0/HS/0016/2011 to Prof. Y.C. Janardhan Reddy, and DST INSPIRE faculty grant-IFA12-LSBM-26 to Dr. Janardhanan C. Narayanaswamy) and from the Department of Biotechnology (Grants No. BT/PR13334/Med/30/259/2009 to Prof. Y.C. Janardhan Reddy, and No. BT/06/IYBA/2012 to Dr. Janardhanan C. Narayanaswamy); the Dana Foundation and NARSAD to Dr. Fitzgerald; the NIMH (Grants No. R01 MH107419 and No. K23MH082176 to Dr. Fitzgerald, Grant No. R21MH101441 to Dr. Marsh, Grant No. R21MH093889 to Drs. Marsh and Simpson, Grant No. K23-MH104515 to Dr. Baker; Grant No. R33MH107589 to Dr. Stern, Grant No. R01MH111794 to Dr. Stern; Grant No. R01 MH081864 to Drs. O{\textquoteright}Neill and Piacentini; Grant No. R01 MH085900 to Drs. O{\textquoteright}Neill and Feusner, Grant No. K23 MH115206 to Dr. Gruner); the NIMH and the David Judah Fund at the Massachusetts General Hospital (Grant No. K23-MH092397 to Dr. Brennan); the Marat{\'o} TV3 Foundation (Grants No. 01/2010 and 091710 to Dr. Lazaro); the Carlos III Health Institute (PI040829 to Dr Lazaro, Grant CPII16/00048 and Project Grants PI13/01958 and PI16/00889 to Dr. Soriano-Mas), co-funded by FEDER funds/European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), a way to build Europe; the AGAUR (2017 SGR 881 to Dr. Lazaro); the Michael Smith Foundation for Health Research funding Dr. Jaspers-Fayer and Dr. Stewart; the Carlos III Health Institute (PI14/00419 to Dr. Alonso, Grant No. FI17/00294 to Ignacio Mart{\'i}nez-Zalaca{\'i}n, Project Grant No. PI16/00950 to Dr. Mench{\'o}n); the Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED Brain/MINDS Beyond program Grant No. JP19dm0307002 to Dr. Shimizu); Oxford Health Services Research Committee grant to Dr A James and National Institute on Drug Abuse to Dr. Ivanov (NIH/NIDA Grant No. R21/DA046029 and No. R21/ DA045218); the Wellcome and Royal Society (211155/Z/18/Z) to Tobias U Hauser; the Jacobs Foundation (2017-1261-04) to Tobias U Hauser, the Medical Research Foundation, and the Brain and Behavior Research Foundation (2018 NARSAD Young Investigator grant; 27023) to Tobias U. Hauser; the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF 320030_130237) to Susanne Walitza; the Harmann M{\"u}ller foundation (1460) to Silvia Brem; NHMRC Career Development Fellowship (1140764 to Dr. Schmaal).",

year = "2020",

doi = "10.1038/s41398-020-01013-y",

language = "English",

volume = "10",

journal = "Transl. Psychiatry",

issn = "2158-3188",

publisher = "Springer Nature",

number = "1",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Structural neuroimaging biomarkers for obsessive-compulsive disorder in the ENIGMA-OCD consortium: medication matters

T2 - Translational Psychiatry

AU - Bruin, W.B.

AU - Taylor, L.

AU - Thomas, R.M.

AU - Shock, J.P.

AU - Zhutovsky, P.

AU - Abe, Y.

AU - Alonso, P.

AU - Ameis, S.H.

AU - Anticevic, A.

AU - Arnold, P.D.

AU - Assogna, F.

AU - Benedetti, F.

AU - Beucke, J.C.

AU - Boedhoe, P.S.W.

AU - Bollettini, I.

AU - Bose, A.

AU - Brem, S.

AU - Brennan, B.P.

AU - Buitelaar, J.K.

AU - Calvo, R.

AU - Cheng, Y.

AU - Cho, K.I.K.

AU - Dallaspezia, S.

AU - Denys, D.

AU - Ely, B.A.

AU - Feusner, J.D.

AU - Fitzgerald, K.D.

AU - Fouche, J.-P.

AU - Fridgeirsson, E.A.

AU - Gruner, P.

AU - Gürsel, D.A.

AU - Hauser, T.U.

AU - Hirano, Y.

AU - Hoexter, M.Q.

AU - Hu, H.

AU - Huyser, C.

AU - Ivanov, I.

AU - James, A.

AU - Jaspers-Fayer, F.

AU - Kathmann, N.

AU - Kaufmann, C.

AU - Koch, K.

AU - Kuno, M.

AU - Kvale, G.

AU - Kwon, J.S.

AU - Liu, Y.

AU - Lochner, C.

AU - Lázaro, L.

AU - Marques, P.

AU - Marsh, R.

AU - Martínez-Zalacaín, I.

AU - Mataix-Cols, D.

AU - Menchón, J.M.

AU - Minuzzi, L.

AU - Moreira, P.S.

AU - Morer, A.

AU - Morgado, P.

AU - Nakagawa, A.

AU - Nakamae, T.

AU - Nakao, T.

AU - Narayanaswamy, J.C.

AU - Nurmi, E.L.

AU - O’Neill, J.

AU - Pariente, J.C.

AU - Perriello, C.

AU - Piacentini, J.

AU - Piras, F.

AU - Reddy, Y.C.J.

AU - Rus-Oswald, O.G.

AU - Sakai, Y.

AU - Sato, J.R.

AU - Schmaal, L.

AU - Shimizu, E.

AU - Simpson, H.B.

AU - Soreni, N.

AU - Soriano-Mas, C.

AU - Spalletta, G.

AU - Stern, E.R.

AU - Stevens, M.C.

AU - Stewart, S.E.

AU - Szeszko, P.R.

AU - Tolin, D.F.

AU - Venkatasubramanian, G.

AU - Wang, Z.

AU - Yun, J.-Y.

AU - van Rooij, D.

AU - Banaj, N.

AU - Bargalló, N.

AU - Batistuzzo, M.C.

AU - Brandeis, D.

AU - Busatto, G.F.

AU - Calvo, A.

AU - Ciullo, V.

AU - Drechsler, R.

AU - Esteves, M.

AU - Falini, A.

AU - Fang, Y.

AU - Figee, M.

AU - Fontaine, M.

AU - Gueguen, M.

AU - Hamatani, S.

AU - Hanna, G.L.

AU - Hansen, B.

AU - Ikari, K.

AU - Magalhães, R.

AU - Masuda, Y.

AU - Matsumoto, K.

AU - Miguel, E.C.

AU - Pittenger, C.

AU - Poletti, S.

AU - Sousa, N.

AU - Takahashi, J.

AU - Thorsen, A.L.

AU - Tsuchiyagaito, A.

AU - Vecchio, D.

AU - Veltman, D.J.

AU - Walitza, S.

AU - Watanabe, A.

AU - Xu, X.

AU - Xu, J.

AU - Yamada, K.

AU - Yoshida, T.

AU - Zarei, M.

AU - Zhao, Q.

AU - Zhou, C.

AU - de Vries, F.E.

AU - de Wit, S.J.

AU - van Wingen, G.A.

AU - van den Heuvel, O.A.

AU - van der Werf, Y.D.

AU - Thompson, P.M.

AU - Stein, D.J.

AU - Group, ENIGMA-OCD Working

N1 - Cited By :1 Export Date: 11 March 2021 Correspondence Address: Bruin, W.B.; Amsterdam UMC, Netherlands; email: willembenjamin@gmail.com Correspondence Address: van Wingen, G.A.; Amsterdam UMC, Netherlands; email: g.a.vanwingen@amsterdamumc.nl Funding details: BT/06/IYBA/2012, BT/PR13334/Med/30/259/2009 Funding details: SR/S0/HS/0016/2011 Funding details: 278948 Funding details: R21/ DA045218 Funding details: 920-03-542 Funding details: 917.15.318 Funding details: 13dz2260500 Funding details: 211155/Z/18/Z Funding details: 500236/Z/11/Z, 81371340 Funding details: National Institutes of Health, NIH, U54 EB020403 Funding details: National Institute of Mental Health, NIMH, K23 MH115206, K23-MH09239, K23-MH104515, K23MH082176, R01 MH081864, R01 MH085900, R01 MH107419, R01MH111794, R21MH093889, R21MH101441, R33MH107589 Funding details: National Institute on Drug Abuse, NIDA, R21/DA045218, R21/DA046029 Funding details: Brain and Behavior Research Foundation, BBRF, 27023 Funding details: Dana Foundation Funding details: Eli Lilly and Company Funding details: Massachusetts General Hospital, MGH, K23-MH092397 Funding details: National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, NCATS, UL1TR000067/KL2TR00069 Funding details: International OCD Foundation, IOCDF Funding details: Fundació la Marató de TV3, 01/2010, 091710 Funding details: Ontario Brain Institute, OBI Funding details: South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, 064846 Funding details: Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, AMED, JP19dm0307002 Funding details: National Alliance for Research on Schizophrenia and Depression, NARSAD Funding details: Wellcome Trust, WT Funding details: Canadian Institutes of Health Research, CIHR Funding details: Michael Smith Foundation for Health Research, MSFHR Funding details: National Health and Medical Research Council, NHMRC, 1140764 Funding details: National Research Foundation, NRF Funding details: Department of Science and Technology, Republic of South Africa, DST Funding details: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, DFG, KO 3744/7-1 Funding details: Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, KAKEN, 16K04344, 16K19778, 18K07608, 18K15523, 19K03309, 26461762 Funding details: Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Monbusho, 16K10253, 22591262, 25461732 Funding details: Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung, SNF, SNSF 320030_130237 Funding details: Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo, FAPESP, 2011/21357-9, 2018/04654-9, 2018/21934-5 Funding details: National Natural Science Foundation of China, NSFC Funding details: ZonMw Funding details: Generalitat de Catalunya Funding details: Agència de Gestió d'Ajuts Universitaris i de Recerca, AGAUR, 2017 SGR 1247 Funding details: Bundesministerium für Gesundheit, BMG, BMBF-01GW0724 Funding details: Ministero della Salute, RC13-14-15-16-17-18A Funding details: Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek, NWO, 907-00-012, 912-02-050, 916.86.036, 916.86.038, 940-37-018 Funding details: Provincial Health Services Authority, PHSA Funding details: Jacobs Foundation, 2017-1261-04 Funding details: Helse Vest, 911754, 911880 Funding details: Instituto de Salud Carlos III, ISCIII, CPII16/00048, PI040829, PI13/01958, PI16/00889 Funding details: Norges Forskningsråd, 243675 Funding details: Hersenstichting, 2010(1)-50 Funding details: Hartmann Müller-Stiftung für Medizinische Forschung, 1460 Funding details: Julius Müller Stiftung Funding details: European Regional Development Fund, FEDER, 2017 SGR 881, FI17/00294, PI14/00419, PI16/00950 Funding details: The Wellcome Trust DBT India Alliance, WTDBT India Alliance Funding details: Fundació Catalana de Trasplantament, FCT, PDE/BDE/113601/2015 Funding details: Medical Research Foundation Funding details: Alberta Innovates Funding details: National Natural Science Foundation of China-Yunnan Joint Fund, NSFC-Yunnan Joint Fund, 81560233 Funding details: Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, WCMR Funding text 1: Dr. Baker has received research support from the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) and Valera Health. Dr. Brennan has received consulting fees from Rugen Therapeutics and Nobilis Therapeutics and research grant support from Eli Lilly, Transcept Pharmaceuticals, and Biohaven Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Walitza has received lecture honoraria Opopharma in the last 3 years. Her work was supported in the last 3 years by the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF), diverse EU FP7s, HSM Hochspezialisierte Medizin of the Kanton Zurich, Switzerland, Bfarm Germany, Zinep, Hartmann Müller Stiftung, Olga Mayenfisch. Dr. Dan J. Stein has received research grants and/or consultancy honoraria from Lundbeck and Sun in the past 3 years. Dr. Paul M. Thompson has received research grant support from Biogen, Inc., for research unrelated to the topic of this manuscript. Dr. Ivanov has received honoraria from Lundbeck as a member of the Data Safety Monitoring Committee and research grants from the National Institute on Drug Abuse in the last 3 years. Dr. Pittenger has received research support and/or honoraria for consultation from Biohaven Pharmaceuticals, Blackthorn Therapeutics, Abide Therapeutics, and Brainsway, and royalties or honoraria from Oxford University Press and Elsevier in the past 3 years. Dr. Feusner has received an honorarium from Pfizer and consultation fees from NOCD, Inc. Dr. Piacentini has received research support from Pfizer Pharmaceuticals for research unrelated to the topic of this manuscript. Dr. Soreni has received support for Investigator Initiated Clinical Trial from Lundbeck LLC unrelated to the topic of this study. Dr. Buitelaar has been in the past 3 years a consultant to/member of advisory board of/and/or speaker for Shire, Roche, Medice, and Servier. He is not an employee of any of these companies, and not a stock shareholder of any of these companies. He has no other financial or material support, including expert testimony, patents, royalties. Dr. Mataix-Cols receives royalties for contributing articles to UpToDate (Wolters Kluwer Health), and for editorial work from Elsevier, all unrelated to the current work. In the last three years, Dr. Simpson has received research support for an industry-sponsored clinical trial from Biohaven Pharmaceuticals, royalties from UpToDate, Inc, and a stipend from JAMA Psychiatry for her role as Associate Editor. Dr. Tolin has received research support from Biohaven Pharmaceuticals. All other individually-named authors in-and outside of the ENIGMA-OCD working group reported no biomedical financial interests or potential conflicts of interest. Funding text 2: The ENIGMA-Obsessive Compulsive Disorder Working-Group gratefully acknowledges support from the NIH BD2K (Big Data to Knowledge) award U54 EB020403 (PI: Dr. Thompson) and Neuroscience Amsterdam, and an IPB grant to Dr. Schmaal and Dr. van den Heuvel. Supported by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS; KAKENHI Grants No. 18K15523 to Dr. Abe, No. 16K19778, No. 18K07608 to Dr. Nakamae, No. 16K04344, 19K03309 to Dr. Hirano, and No. 26461762 to Dr. Nakagawa); the Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP, São Paulo Research Foundation; Grant No. 2011/21357-9; 2018/04654-9 and 2018/21934-5); the EU FP7 project TACTICS (Grant No. 278948 to Dr. Buitelaar); the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81560233 to Dr. Cheng); the International Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Foundation (IOCDF) Research Award to Dr. Gruner; the Dutch Organization for Scientific Research (NWO) (grants 912-02-050, 907-00-012, 940-37-018, and 916.86.038); the Netherlands Society for Scientific Research (NWO-ZonMw VENI grant 916.86.036 to Dr. van den Heuvel; NWO-ZonMw AGIKO stipend 920-03-542 to Dr. de Vries), a NARSAD Young Investigator Award to Dr. van den Heuvel, and the Netherlands Brain Foundation (2010(1)-50 to Dr. van den Heuvel); the Federal Ministry of Education and Research of Germany (No. BMBF-01GW0724 to Dr. Kathmann); the Alberta Innovates Translational Health Chair in Child and Youth Mental Health and funding from the Ontario Brain Institute to Dr. Arnold; the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG; Grant No. KO 3744/7-1 to Dr. Koch); the Helse Vest Health Authority (No. 911754, 911880 to Dr. Kvale) and the Norwegian Research Council (No. HELSEFORSK 243675 to Dr. Kvale); the Wellcome Trust and a pump priming grant from the South London and Maudsley Trust, London, UK (Project Grant No. 064846 to Dr. Mataix-Cols); the Generalitat de Catalunya (AGAUR 2017 SGR 1247 to Dr. Menchón); the PhD-iHES program (FCT fellowship Grant No. PDE/BDE/113601/2015 to Dr. Moreira); the Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C) 22591262, 25461732, 16K10253 to Dr. Nakao); the Italian Ministry of Health (No. RC13-14-15-16-17-18A to Dr. Spalletta, Dr. Piras Fabrizio, Dr. Piras Federica); the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (Grants No. UL1TR000067/KL2TR00069 to Dr. Stern); the SA MRC funding and the National Research Foundation of South Africa to Dr. Stein and Dr. Lochner; the Canadian Institutes of Health Research, Michael Smith Foundation for Health Research, and British Columbia Provincial Health Services Authority funding Dr. Stewart; the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO/ZonMW Vidi 917.15.318 to Dr. van Wingen); the Wellcome-DBT India Alliance (Grant No. 500236/Z/11/Z to Dr. Venkatasubramanian); the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81371340) and the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders (No. 13dz2260500) to Dr. Wang; the Government of India grants from the Department of Science and Technology (Grants No. SR/S0/HS/0016/2011 to Prof. Y.C. Janardhan Reddy, and DST INSPIRE faculty grant-IFA12-LSBM-26 to Dr. Janardhanan C. Narayanaswamy) and from the Department of Biotechnology (Grants No. BT/PR13334/Med/30/259/2009 to Prof. Y.C. Janardhan Reddy, and No. BT/06/IYBA/2012 to Dr. Janardhanan C. Narayanaswamy); the Dana Foundation and NARSAD to Dr. Fitzgerald; the NIMH (Grants No. R01 MH107419 and No. K23MH082176 to Dr. Fitzgerald, Grant No. R21MH101441 to Dr. Marsh, Grant No. R21MH093889 to Drs. Marsh and Simpson, Grant No. K23-MH104515 to Dr. Baker; Grant No. R33MH107589 to Dr. Stern, Grant No. R01MH111794 to Dr. Stern; Grant No. R01 MH081864 to Drs. O’Neill and Piacentini; Grant No. R01 MH085900 to Drs. O’Neill and Feusner, Grant No. K23 MH115206 to Dr. Gruner); the NIMH and the David Judah Fund at the Massachusetts General Hospital (Grant No. K23-MH092397 to Dr. Brennan); the Marató TV3 Foundation (Grants No. 01/2010 and 091710 to Dr. Lazaro); the Carlos III Health Institute (PI040829 to Dr Lazaro, Grant CPII16/00048 and Project Grants PI13/01958 and PI16/00889 to Dr. Soriano-Mas), co-funded by FEDER funds/European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), a way to build Europe; the AGAUR (2017 SGR 881 to Dr. Lazaro); the Michael Smith Foundation for Health Research funding Dr. Jaspers-Fayer and Dr. Stewart; the Carlos III Health Institute (PI14/00419 to Dr. Alonso, Grant No. FI17/00294 to Ignacio Martínez-Zalacaín, Project Grant No. PI16/00950 to Dr. Menchón); the Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED Brain/MINDS Beyond program Grant No. JP19dm0307002 to Dr. Shimizu); Oxford Health Services Research Committee grant to Dr A James and National Institute on Drug Abuse to Dr. Ivanov (NIH/NIDA Grant No. R21/DA046029 and No. R21/ DA045218); the Wellcome and Royal Society (211155/Z/18/Z) to Tobias U Hauser; the Jacobs Foundation (2017-1261-04) to Tobias U Hauser, the Medical Research Foundation, and the Brain and Behavior Research Foundation (2018 NARSAD Young Investigator grant; 27023) to Tobias U. Hauser; the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF 320030_130237) to Susanne Walitza; the Harmann Müller foundation (1460) to Silvia Brem; NHMRC Career Development Fellowship (1140764 to Dr. Schmaal).

PY - 2020

Y1 - 2020

N2 - No diagnostic biomarkers are available for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Here, we aimed to identify magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) biomarkers for OCD, using 46 data sets with 2304 OCD patients and 2068 healthy controls from the ENIGMA consortium. We performed machine learning analysis of regional measures of cortical thickness, surface area and subcortical volume and tested classification performance using cross-validation. Classification performance for OCD vs. controls using the complete sample with different classifiers and cross-validation strategies was poor. When models were validated on data from other sites, model performance did not exceed chance-level. In contrast, fair classification performance was achieved when patients were grouped according to their medication status. These results indicate that medication use is associated with substantial differences in brain anatomy that are widely distributed, and indicate that clinical heterogeneity contributes to the poor performance of structural MRI as a disease marker. © 2020, The Author(s).

AB - No diagnostic biomarkers are available for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Here, we aimed to identify magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) biomarkers for OCD, using 46 data sets with 2304 OCD patients and 2068 healthy controls from the ENIGMA consortium. We performed machine learning analysis of regional measures of cortical thickness, surface area and subcortical volume and tested classification performance using cross-validation. Classification performance for OCD vs. controls using the complete sample with different classifiers and cross-validation strategies was poor. When models were validated on data from other sites, model performance did not exceed chance-level. In contrast, fair classification performance was achieved when patients were grouped according to their medication status. These results indicate that medication use is associated with substantial differences in brain anatomy that are widely distributed, and indicate that clinical heterogeneity contributes to the poor performance of structural MRI as a disease marker. © 2020, The Author(s).

KW - biological marker

KW - adult

KW - Article

KW - controlled study

KW - cortical thickness (brain)

KW - cross validation

KW - human

KW - machine learning

KW - major clinical study

KW - neuroimaging

KW - nuclear magnetic resonance imaging

KW - obsessive compulsive disorder

KW - surface area

U2 - 10.1038/s41398-020-01013-y

DO - 10.1038/s41398-020-01013-y

M3 - Article

VL - 10

JO - Transl. Psychiatry

JF - Transl. Psychiatry

SN - 2158-3188

IS - 1

M1 - 342

ER -

Structural neuroimaging biomarkers for obsessive-compulsive disorder in the ENIGMA-OCD consortium: medication matters: Translational Psychiatry

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