TY - JOUR
T1 - Targeting immune response with therapeutic vaccines in premalignant lesions and cervical cancer
T2 - hope or reality from clinical studies
AU - Vici, Patrizia
AU - Pizzuti, Laura
AU - Mariani, Luciano
AU - Zampa, G.
AU - Santini, Daniele
AU - Di Lauro, Luigi
AU - Gamucci, T.
AU - Natoli, C.
AU - Marchetti, Paolo
AU - Barba, Maddalena
AU - Maugeri-Saccà, Marcello
AU - Sergi, Domenico
AU - Tomao, Federica
AU - Vizza, Enrico
AU - Di Filippo, S.
AU - Paolini, Francesca
AU - Curzio, Gianfranca
AU - Corrado, Giacomo
AU - Michelotti, A.
AU - Sanguineti, Giuseppe
AU - Giordano, Antonio
AU - De Maria, Ruggero Marchiano
AU - Venuti, Aldo
PY - 2016/10/2
Y1 - 2016/10/2
N2 - Human papillomavirus (HPV) is widely known as a cause of cervical cancer (CC) and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). HPVs related to cancer express two main oncogenes, i.e. E6 and E7, considered as tumorigenic genes; their integration into the host genome results in the abnormal regulation of cell cycle control. Due to their peculiarities, these oncogenes represent an excellent target for cancer immunotherapy. In this work the authors highlight the potential use of therapeutic vaccines as safe and effective pharmacological tools in cervical disease, focusing on vaccines that have reached the clinical trial phase. Many therapeutic HPV vaccines have been tested in clinical trials with promising results. Adoptive T-cell therapy showed clinical activity in a phase II trial involving advanced CC patients. A phase II randomized trial showed clinical activity of a nucleic acid-based vaccine in HPV16 or HPV18 positive CIN. Several trials involving peptide-protein-based vaccines and live-vector based vaccines demonstrated that these approaches are effective in CIN as well as in advanced CC patients. HPV therapeutic vaccines must be regarded as a therapeutic option in cervical disease. The synergic combination of HPV therapeutic vaccines with radiotherapy, chemotherapy, immunomodulators or immune checkpoint inhibitors opens a new and interesting scenario in this disease.
AB - Human papillomavirus (HPV) is widely known as a cause of cervical cancer (CC) and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). HPVs related to cancer express two main oncogenes, i.e. E6 and E7, considered as tumorigenic genes; their integration into the host genome results in the abnormal regulation of cell cycle control. Due to their peculiarities, these oncogenes represent an excellent target for cancer immunotherapy. In this work the authors highlight the potential use of therapeutic vaccines as safe and effective pharmacological tools in cervical disease, focusing on vaccines that have reached the clinical trial phase. Many therapeutic HPV vaccines have been tested in clinical trials with promising results. Adoptive T-cell therapy showed clinical activity in a phase II trial involving advanced CC patients. A phase II randomized trial showed clinical activity of a nucleic acid-based vaccine in HPV16 or HPV18 positive CIN. Several trials involving peptide-protein-based vaccines and live-vector based vaccines demonstrated that these approaches are effective in CIN as well as in advanced CC patients. HPV therapeutic vaccines must be regarded as a therapeutic option in cervical disease. The synergic combination of HPV therapeutic vaccines with radiotherapy, chemotherapy, immunomodulators or immune checkpoint inhibitors opens a new and interesting scenario in this disease.
KW - cervical cancer
KW - cervical intraepithelial neoplasia
KW - Human papillomavirus
KW - immunotherapy
KW - therapeutic vaccines
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U2 - 10.1080/14760584.2016.1176533
DO - 10.1080/14760584.2016.1176533
M3 - Review article
VL - 15
SP - 1327
EP - 1336
JO - Expert Review of Vaccines
JF - Expert Review of Vaccines
SN - 1476-0584
IS - 10
ER -