TY - JOUR
T1 - The clinical spectrum of childhood narcolepsy
AU - Postiglione, Emanuela
AU - Antelmi, Elena
AU - Pizza, Fabio
AU - Lecendreux, Michel
AU - Dauvilliers, Yves
AU - Plazzi, Giuseppe
N1 - Ricercatori distaccati presso IRCCS a seguito Convenzione esclusiva con Università di Bologna (Antelmi Elena, Pizza Fabio, Plazzi Giuseppe).
La Dr.ssa E. Antelmi ha pubblicato anche lavori con affiliazione straniera che descrivono i risultati del progetto di ricerca svolto al “Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, University College London (UCL) Institute of Neurology, London” nel corso dei 3 anni della sua permanenza precedente presso l’Istituto (2014-2016).
PY - 2018
Y1 - 2018
N2 - Narcolepsy type 1 is a life-long, severe, multifaceted disease often arising in childhood or adolescence. Beyond the classical symptoms (excessive daytime sleepiness, cataplexy, hallucinations, sleep paralysis and nocturnal fragmented sleep), metabolic, endocrinological, psychiatric and psychosocial aspects must be considered. Despite the increased awareness after H1N1 pandemic influenza and vaccination, narcolepsy is still misdiagnosed and unrecognized. The peculiar presentation of symptoms in narcoleptic children could in part explain the misdiagnoses. Excessive daytime sleepiness presenting as chronic drowsiness or irritability could be stigmatized as laziness or misinterpreted as behavior or inattention disorder. The persistent hypotonia and the complex hyperkinetic movements that characterize cataplexy close to the onset, could be misdiagnosed as a movement disorder or as other neurologic conditions. The consequent therapeutic delay could turn into dramatic consequences. The narcolepsy onset, indeed, is associated with abrupt weight gain and sometimes with precocious puberty that require a prompt recognition and treatment to avoid auxological and metabolic complications. Moreover, narcoleptic children could have behavioral and psychiatric disorders ranging from mood to psychotic ones that need ad hoc management. Accordingly, spreading the awareness outside the sleep specialist community is necessary in order to reduce the diagnostic delay and to obtain prompt and multidisciplinary management.
AB - Narcolepsy type 1 is a life-long, severe, multifaceted disease often arising in childhood or adolescence. Beyond the classical symptoms (excessive daytime sleepiness, cataplexy, hallucinations, sleep paralysis and nocturnal fragmented sleep), metabolic, endocrinological, psychiatric and psychosocial aspects must be considered. Despite the increased awareness after H1N1 pandemic influenza and vaccination, narcolepsy is still misdiagnosed and unrecognized. The peculiar presentation of symptoms in narcoleptic children could in part explain the misdiagnoses. Excessive daytime sleepiness presenting as chronic drowsiness or irritability could be stigmatized as laziness or misinterpreted as behavior or inattention disorder. The persistent hypotonia and the complex hyperkinetic movements that characterize cataplexy close to the onset, could be misdiagnosed as a movement disorder or as other neurologic conditions. The consequent therapeutic delay could turn into dramatic consequences. The narcolepsy onset, indeed, is associated with abrupt weight gain and sometimes with precocious puberty that require a prompt recognition and treatment to avoid auxological and metabolic complications. Moreover, narcoleptic children could have behavioral and psychiatric disorders ranging from mood to psychotic ones that need ad hoc management. Accordingly, spreading the awareness outside the sleep specialist community is necessary in order to reduce the diagnostic delay and to obtain prompt and multidisciplinary management.
KW - Cataplexy
KW - Movement disorder
KW - Narcolepsy
KW - Obesity
KW - Precocious puberty
KW - Treatment
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U2 - 10.1016/j.smrv.2017.04.003
DO - 10.1016/j.smrv.2017.04.003
M3 - Article
C2 - 28666745
AN - SCOPUS:85021759669
VL - 38
SP - 70
EP - 85
JO - Sleep Medicine Reviews
JF - Sleep Medicine Reviews
SN - 1087-0792
ER -