TY - JOUR
T1 - The co-occurrence between internalizing and externalizing behaviors
T2 - A general population twin study
AU - Pesenti-Gritti, Paola
AU - Spatola, C. A M
AU - Fagnani, Corrado
AU - Ogliari, Anna
AU - Patriarca, Valeria
AU - Stazi, Maria Antonietta
AU - Battaglia, Marco
PY - 2008/3
Y1 - 2008/3
N2 - Although Internalized and Externalized problem behaviors are described as separate phenomena at the psychometric and clinical levels, they frequently co-occur. Only few studies, however, have investigated the causes of such covariation. In a sample of 398 twin pairs aged 8-17 drawn from the general population-based Italian Twin Registry, we applied bivariate genetic analyses to parent-rated CBCL/6-18 Internalization and Externalization scores. Covariation of Internalizing and Externalizing problem behaviors was best explained by genetic and common environmental factors, while the influence of unique environmental factors upon covariance appeared negligible. Odds ratio values showed that a borderline/clinical level of Externalization is a robust predictor of co-existing Internalizing problems in the same child, or within a sibship. Our findings help to approximate individual risks (e.g., in clinical practice, predicting the presence of Internalization in an externalizing child, and vice-versa), and to recognize that several shared environmental and genetic factors can simultaneously affect a child's proneness to suffer from both types of problem behaviors.
AB - Although Internalized and Externalized problem behaviors are described as separate phenomena at the psychometric and clinical levels, they frequently co-occur. Only few studies, however, have investigated the causes of such covariation. In a sample of 398 twin pairs aged 8-17 drawn from the general population-based Italian Twin Registry, we applied bivariate genetic analyses to parent-rated CBCL/6-18 Internalization and Externalization scores. Covariation of Internalizing and Externalizing problem behaviors was best explained by genetic and common environmental factors, while the influence of unique environmental factors upon covariance appeared negligible. Odds ratio values showed that a borderline/clinical level of Externalization is a robust predictor of co-existing Internalizing problems in the same child, or within a sibship. Our findings help to approximate individual risks (e.g., in clinical practice, predicting the presence of Internalization in an externalizing child, and vice-versa), and to recognize that several shared environmental and genetic factors can simultaneously affect a child's proneness to suffer from both types of problem behaviors.
KW - Bivariate twin studies
KW - CBCL/6-18
KW - Comorbidity
KW - Internalization externalization
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U2 - 10.1007/s00787-007-0639-7
DO - 10.1007/s00787-007-0639-7
M3 - Article
C2 - 17846816
AN - SCOPUS:43449108294
VL - 17
SP - 82
EP - 92
JO - European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
JF - European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
SN - 1018-8827
IS - 2
ER -