Abstract
In patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) isolated peripheral airway involvement may give rise to inspiratory threshold load (ITL) contributing to dyspnea. Based on the reported evidence of a greater increase in end-expiratory lung volume (EELV) with hypoxia than with hypercapnia in IDDM, we wondered whether, and to what extent in the two conditions, EELV contribute to perception of dyspnea (PD). We studied five nonsmokers aged between 19 and 45, with IDDM under good metabolic control and five normal control subjects matched for age. In each patient, we evaluated the electromyographic activity of the diaphragm (Edi), the swings of esophageal (Pessw), gastric (Pgsw), and transdiaphragmatic (Pdisw = Pgsw-Pessw) pressures; PD was assessed by a modified Borg scale during hypercapnic-hyperoxic (HCH) and hypoxic-isocapnic (HIC) stimulation. Change in inspiratory capacity (IC) was considered the mirror image of increase in EELV, that is, dynamic hyperinflation (DH), while intrinsic positive end inspiratory pressure (PEEPi) was measured as an index of inspiratory threshold load (ITL). In controls, Edi and Pdi but not their ratio (Edi/Pdi) related to Borg. In patients the following was found: (1) with each of the two stimuli, for any given Edi, Pdi, and Edi/Pdi ratio, there was greater Borg than in controls, (2) a similar increase in ITL and DH with HCH and HIC, (3) Edi/Pdi related to Borg similarly with HCH as with HIC. In conclusion, in controls, Edi and Pdi were associated with the perception of dyspnea similarly with the two chemical stimuli. In this subset of patients with IDDM, Edi/Pdi ratio throughout increase in EELV and ITL was found to affect the perception of dyspnea in hypoxia to a similar extent as in hypercapnia.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 209-223 |
| Number of pages | 15 |
| Journal | Lung |
| Volume | 179 |
| Issue number | 4 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - 2001 |
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Keywords
- Diabetes
- Diaphragm
- Dyspnea
- EMG
- Hypercapnia
- Hypoxia
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Physiology
- Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Cite this
The diaphragm and dyspnea during chemically stimulated breathing in a subset of patients with diabetes. / Filippelli, M.; Romagnoli, I.; Nerini, M.; Grazzini, M.; Lanini, B.; Duranti, R.; Scano, G.
In: Lung, Vol. 179, No. 4, 2001, p. 209-223.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - The diaphragm and dyspnea during chemically stimulated breathing in a subset of patients with diabetes
AU - Filippelli, M.
AU - Romagnoli, I.
AU - Nerini, M.
AU - Grazzini, M.
AU - Lanini, B.
AU - Duranti, R.
AU - Scano, G.
PY - 2001
Y1 - 2001
N2 - In patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) isolated peripheral airway involvement may give rise to inspiratory threshold load (ITL) contributing to dyspnea. Based on the reported evidence of a greater increase in end-expiratory lung volume (EELV) with hypoxia than with hypercapnia in IDDM, we wondered whether, and to what extent in the two conditions, EELV contribute to perception of dyspnea (PD). We studied five nonsmokers aged between 19 and 45, with IDDM under good metabolic control and five normal control subjects matched for age. In each patient, we evaluated the electromyographic activity of the diaphragm (Edi), the swings of esophageal (Pessw), gastric (Pgsw), and transdiaphragmatic (Pdisw = Pgsw-Pessw) pressures; PD was assessed by a modified Borg scale during hypercapnic-hyperoxic (HCH) and hypoxic-isocapnic (HIC) stimulation. Change in inspiratory capacity (IC) was considered the mirror image of increase in EELV, that is, dynamic hyperinflation (DH), while intrinsic positive end inspiratory pressure (PEEPi) was measured as an index of inspiratory threshold load (ITL). In controls, Edi and Pdi but not their ratio (Edi/Pdi) related to Borg. In patients the following was found: (1) with each of the two stimuli, for any given Edi, Pdi, and Edi/Pdi ratio, there was greater Borg than in controls, (2) a similar increase in ITL and DH with HCH and HIC, (3) Edi/Pdi related to Borg similarly with HCH as with HIC. In conclusion, in controls, Edi and Pdi were associated with the perception of dyspnea similarly with the two chemical stimuli. In this subset of patients with IDDM, Edi/Pdi ratio throughout increase in EELV and ITL was found to affect the perception of dyspnea in hypoxia to a similar extent as in hypercapnia.
AB - In patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) isolated peripheral airway involvement may give rise to inspiratory threshold load (ITL) contributing to dyspnea. Based on the reported evidence of a greater increase in end-expiratory lung volume (EELV) with hypoxia than with hypercapnia in IDDM, we wondered whether, and to what extent in the two conditions, EELV contribute to perception of dyspnea (PD). We studied five nonsmokers aged between 19 and 45, with IDDM under good metabolic control and five normal control subjects matched for age. In each patient, we evaluated the electromyographic activity of the diaphragm (Edi), the swings of esophageal (Pessw), gastric (Pgsw), and transdiaphragmatic (Pdisw = Pgsw-Pessw) pressures; PD was assessed by a modified Borg scale during hypercapnic-hyperoxic (HCH) and hypoxic-isocapnic (HIC) stimulation. Change in inspiratory capacity (IC) was considered the mirror image of increase in EELV, that is, dynamic hyperinflation (DH), while intrinsic positive end inspiratory pressure (PEEPi) was measured as an index of inspiratory threshold load (ITL). In controls, Edi and Pdi but not their ratio (Edi/Pdi) related to Borg. In patients the following was found: (1) with each of the two stimuli, for any given Edi, Pdi, and Edi/Pdi ratio, there was greater Borg than in controls, (2) a similar increase in ITL and DH with HCH and HIC, (3) Edi/Pdi related to Borg similarly with HCH as with HIC. In conclusion, in controls, Edi and Pdi were associated with the perception of dyspnea similarly with the two chemical stimuli. In this subset of patients with IDDM, Edi/Pdi ratio throughout increase in EELV and ITL was found to affect the perception of dyspnea in hypoxia to a similar extent as in hypercapnia.
KW - Diabetes
KW - Diaphragm
KW - Dyspnea
KW - EMG
KW - Hypercapnia
KW - Hypoxia
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0035719878&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=0035719878&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/s004080000062
DO - 10.1007/s004080000062
M3 - Article
C2 - 11891612
AN - SCOPUS:0035719878
VL - 179
SP - 209
EP - 223
JO - Lung
JF - Lung
SN - 0341-2040
IS - 4
ER -