TY - JOUR
T1 - The Role of Vitamin K in Vascular Calcification
AU - Cozzolino, Mario
AU - Fusaro, Maria
AU - Ciceri, Paola
AU - Gasperoni, Lorenzo
AU - Cianciolo, Giuseppe
PY - 2019/11
Y1 - 2019/11
N2 - Vascular calcification (VC) is common in advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD), contributes to cardiovascular disease (CVD), and associates with increased mortality. Major risk factors for VC in CKD are increasing age, dialysis vintage, and positive net calcium-phosphate balance. To date, no specific therapy that prevents progression or facilitates regression of VC beyond careful attention to calcium and phosphate balance exists. Accumulating evidence demonstrates that CKD patients may incur subclinical vitamin K deficiency. This deficiency may be induced by exhaustion of vitamin K due to its high requirement by vitamin K-dependent proteins to inhibit VC. This review analyzes the pathophysiological mechanisms and clinical consequences of vitamin K deficiency with emphasis on its involvement on vascular calcification in CKD and end-stage renal disease and its relationship to the bone-vascular axis.
AB - Vascular calcification (VC) is common in advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD), contributes to cardiovascular disease (CVD), and associates with increased mortality. Major risk factors for VC in CKD are increasing age, dialysis vintage, and positive net calcium-phosphate balance. To date, no specific therapy that prevents progression or facilitates regression of VC beyond careful attention to calcium and phosphate balance exists. Accumulating evidence demonstrates that CKD patients may incur subclinical vitamin K deficiency. This deficiency may be induced by exhaustion of vitamin K due to its high requirement by vitamin K-dependent proteins to inhibit VC. This review analyzes the pathophysiological mechanisms and clinical consequences of vitamin K deficiency with emphasis on its involvement on vascular calcification in CKD and end-stage renal disease and its relationship to the bone-vascular axis.
KW - Chronic kidney disease
KW - Matrix Gla protein
KW - Vascular calcification
KW - Vitamin K
KW - Warfarin
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85076114192&partnerID=8YFLogxK
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U2 - 10.1053/j.ackd.2019.10.005
DO - 10.1053/j.ackd.2019.10.005
M3 - Review article
AN - SCOPUS:85076114192
VL - 26
SP - 437
EP - 444
JO - Advances in Chronic Kidney Disease
JF - Advances in Chronic Kidney Disease
SN - 1548-5595
IS - 6
ER -