TY - JOUR
T1 - The three genetics (Nuclear DNA, mitochondrial DNA, and Gut microbiome) of longevity in humans considered as metaorganisms
AU - Garagnani, Paolo
AU - Pirazzini, Chiara
AU - Giuliani, Cristina
AU - Candela, Marco
AU - Brigidi, Patrizia
AU - Sevini, Federica
AU - Luiselli, Donata
AU - Bacalini, Maria Giulia
AU - Salvioli, Stefano
AU - Capri, Miriam
AU - Monti, Daniela
AU - Mari, Daniela
AU - Collino, Sebastiano
AU - Delledonne, Massimo
AU - Descombes, Patrick
AU - Franceschi, Claudio
PY - 2014
Y1 - 2014
N2 - Usually the genetics of human longevity is restricted to the nuclear genome (nDNA). However it is well known that the nDNA interacts with a physically and functionally separated genome, the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) that, even if limited in length and number of genes encoded, plays a major role in the ageing process. The complex interplay between nDNA/mtDNA and the environment is most likely involved in phenomena such as ageing and longevity. To this scenario we have to add another level of complexity represented by the microbiota, that is, the whole set of bacteria present in the different part of our body with their whole set of genes. In particular, several studies investigated the role of gut microbiota (GM) modifications in ageing and longevity and an age-related GM signature was found. In this view, human being must be considered as "metaorganism" and a more holistic approach is necessary to grasp the complex dynamics of the interaction between the environment and nDNA-mtDNA-GM of the host during ageing. In this review, the relationship between the three genetics and human longevity is addressed to point out that a comprehensive view will allow the researchers to properly address the complex interactions that occur during human lifespan.
AB - Usually the genetics of human longevity is restricted to the nuclear genome (nDNA). However it is well known that the nDNA interacts with a physically and functionally separated genome, the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) that, even if limited in length and number of genes encoded, plays a major role in the ageing process. The complex interplay between nDNA/mtDNA and the environment is most likely involved in phenomena such as ageing and longevity. To this scenario we have to add another level of complexity represented by the microbiota, that is, the whole set of bacteria present in the different part of our body with their whole set of genes. In particular, several studies investigated the role of gut microbiota (GM) modifications in ageing and longevity and an age-related GM signature was found. In this view, human being must be considered as "metaorganism" and a more holistic approach is necessary to grasp the complex dynamics of the interaction between the environment and nDNA-mtDNA-GM of the host during ageing. In this review, the relationship between the three genetics and human longevity is addressed to point out that a comprehensive view will allow the researchers to properly address the complex interactions that occur during human lifespan.
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U2 - 10.1155/2014/560340
DO - 10.1155/2014/560340
M3 - Article
C2 - 24868529
AN - SCOPUS:84901253814
VL - 2014
JO - BioMed Research International
JF - BioMed Research International
SN - 2314-6133
M1 - 560340
ER -