TY - JOUR
T1 - Training in endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography
T2 - a critical assessment of the broad scenario of training programs and models
AU - Gallo, Camilla
AU - Boškoski, Ivo
AU - Matteo, Maria Valeria
AU - Orlandini, Beatrice
AU - Costamagna, Guido
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
PY - 2021
Y1 - 2021
N2 - Introduction: Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangio-Pancreatography (ERCP) applications are rapidly evolving toward increasingly complex therapeutic approaches alongside with technological innovations. There are no globally agreed indications on the ERCP training path, which often requires too much time and does not always guarantee adequate skills. Areas covered: Frequency and difficulty of execution are the main objective criteria on which to draw up a training program: novel trainees should approach ERCP first through the simplest and most frequent procedures. An extensive use of training models would reduce the patient’s performer-related risks. Amongst a wide variety of models, mechanical simulators have received large approval. In fact, they can be best-suited to each trainee’s learning curve thanks to their precision and safety and by virtue of the unlimited repeatability of their use. However, more solid evidences are still needed. Expert opinion: Hands-on ERCP training should systematically employ mechanical simulators at least in the early stages of the learning process. An implementation of these models through sensors that objectively detect abnormalities in the movements would provide detailed feedbacks and deeper awareness. Simulators might also be useful for expert endoscopists to refine their skills. Rapid prototyping and 3D printing might be the way to create customized training models for successful training programs.
AB - Introduction: Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangio-Pancreatography (ERCP) applications are rapidly evolving toward increasingly complex therapeutic approaches alongside with technological innovations. There are no globally agreed indications on the ERCP training path, which often requires too much time and does not always guarantee adequate skills. Areas covered: Frequency and difficulty of execution are the main objective criteria on which to draw up a training program: novel trainees should approach ERCP first through the simplest and most frequent procedures. An extensive use of training models would reduce the patient’s performer-related risks. Amongst a wide variety of models, mechanical simulators have received large approval. In fact, they can be best-suited to each trainee’s learning curve thanks to their precision and safety and by virtue of the unlimited repeatability of their use. However, more solid evidences are still needed. Expert opinion: Hands-on ERCP training should systematically employ mechanical simulators at least in the early stages of the learning process. An implementation of these models through sensors that objectively detect abnormalities in the movements would provide detailed feedbacks and deeper awareness. Simulators might also be useful for expert endoscopists to refine their skills. Rapid prototyping and 3D printing might be the way to create customized training models for successful training programs.
KW - Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangio-Pancreatography
KW - learning curves
KW - mechanical simulators
KW - trainees’ competence
KW - training models
KW - training programs
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U2 - 10.1080/17474124.2021.1886078
DO - 10.1080/17474124.2021.1886078
M3 - Review article
C2 - 33599177
AN - SCOPUS:85101036922
VL - 15
SP - 675
EP - 688
JO - Expert Review of Gastroenterology and Hepatology
JF - Expert Review of Gastroenterology and Hepatology
SN - 1747-4124
IS - 6
ER -