@article{152d50a992b944e0bf81a04d9538f041,
title = "Trends in lung cancer and smoking behavior in Italy: An alarm bell for women",
abstract = "Introduction: The epidemiology of lung cancer is changing worldwide, with smoking being the key driver of lung cancer incidence and mortality. Our aim is to analyze the incidence, survival and mortality trends in Italy in the framework of the 2017 survey on smoking behavior in Italy. Methods: AIRTUM 2017 reports on cancer survival and incidence; 2017 survey on smoking behavior in Italy. Results: Men achieved progress in lung cancer control characterized by a decrease in incidence and mortality and an increase in survival. The decreasing use of tobacco in men (from 60% in the 1960s to 24% in 2017) was most likely responsible for the decreasing incidence and mortality. Women showed no progress: although survival improved slightly, the incidence and mortality were both on the rise. This was most likely due to the increasing smoking rates in women in the 1970s and 80s. Of major concern is the accelerated rise in the number of smoking women from 4.6 million in 2016 to 5.7 million in 2017 compared to the decrease observed in men (from 6.9 to 6 million). Conclusions: The incidence and mortality trends in males clearly demonstrate that primary prevention is the most effective way to reduce lung cancer mortality. By contrast, a 24% increase in the prevalence of smoking among women in just 1 year is extremely worrying for the future, and calls for immediate action by targeted strategies to reduce tobacco consumption in women and avert the dreadful prospect of a lung cancer epidemic in Italy. {\textcopyright} 2017 The Authors.",
keywords = "Incidence, Lung cancer, Mortality, Prevention, Smoking, Survival, adult, Article, cancer epidemiology, cancer growth, cancer incidence, cancer mortality, cancer prognosis, cancer registry, cancer risk, cancer survival, controlled study, environmental exposure, female, human, Italy, lung cancer, major clinical study, male, passive smoking, prevalence, primary prevention, smoking, smoking habit, tobacco consumption, tobacco use, age distribution, forecasting, incidence, lung tumor, Age Distribution, Female, Forecasting, Humans, Lung Neoplasms, Male, Prevalence",
author = "A. Trama and R. Boffi and P. Contiero and C. Buzzoni and R. Pacifici and L. Mangone",
note = "Export Date: 18 April 2018 CODEN: TUMOA Correspondence Address: Trama, A.; Evaluative Epidemiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori, Via Venezian, 1, Italy; email: annalisa.trama@istitutotumori.mi.it References: Ferlay, J., Soerjomataram, I., Dikshit, R., Cancer incidence and mortality worldwide: Sources, methods and major patterns in GLOBOCAN 2012 (2015) Int J Cancer, 136 (5), pp. E359-E386; Allemani, C., Weir, H.K., Carreira, H., Global surveillance of cancer survival, 1995-2009: Analysis of individual data for 25 676,887 patients from 279 population-based registries in 67 countries (CONCORD-2) (2015) Lancet, 385, pp. 977-1010. , CONCORD Working Group, 9972; Lewis, D.R., Check, D.P., Caporaso, N.E., Travis, W.D., Devesa, S.S., US lung cancer trends by histologic type (2014) Cancer, 120 (18), pp. 2883-2892; Linares, I., Molina-Portillo, E., Exp{\'o}sito, J., Baeyens, J.A., Su{\'a}rez, C., S{\'a}nchez, M.J., Trends in lung cancer incidence by histologic subtype in the south of Spain 1985-2012: A population-based study (2016) Clin Transl Oncol, 18 (5), pp. 489-496; Coviello, V., Buzzoni, C., Fusco, M., La sopravvivenza dei pazienti oncologici in Italia (2017) Epidemiol Prev, 41 (2), pp. 1-244. , AIRTUM working group; (2016) I Numeri Del Cancro in Italia, , AIOM & AIRTUM. 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year = "2017",
doi = "10.5301/tj.5000684",
language = "English",
volume = "103",
pages = "543--550",
journal = "Tumori",
issn = "0300-8916",
publisher = "SAGE Publications Ltd",
number = "6",
}