TY - JOUR
T1 - Vitamin D in the development and progression of alzheimer’s disease
T2 - implications for clinical management
AU - Panza, Francesco
AU - La Montagna, Maddalena
AU - Lampignano, Luisa
AU - Zupo, Roberta
AU - Bortone, Ilaria
AU - Castellana, Fabio
AU - Sardone, Rodolfo
AU - Borraccino, Luisa
AU - Dibello, Vittorio
AU - Resta, Emanuela
AU - Altamura, Mario
AU - Daniele, Antonio
AU - Lozupone, Madia
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
Copyright:
Copyright 2021 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2021
Y1 - 2021
N2 - Introduction: Although the pathophysiological bases of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) remain incompletely understood and disease-modifying therapies are not available, intervention on modifiable risk factors is warranted. Research on nutrition and dietary components is challenging and controversies still persist about the role of micro- and macronutrients and health outcomes in dementia. Importantly, results of preclinical investigations have shown that vitamin D triggers different neural pathways that may be protective against these neurodegenerative mechanisms, including the deposition of amyloid plaques, inflammatory processes, neurofibrillary degeneration, glutamatergic excitotoxicity, excessive intraneuronal calcium influx, and oxidative stress, although its relationship with AD still needs to be fully understood. Areas covered: The authors analyzed the recent evidence about the effects of vitamin D insufficiency on AD and the role of supplementation. Expert opinion: Both insufficient (25–49.9 ng/ml) and deficient levels (<25 ng/ml) of vitamin D may contribute to an increased susceptibility to AD. However, further well-designed prospective studies are needed for a better understanding of the involvement of low vitamin D concentrations in the AD natural history. Randomized clinical trials will also be necessary to address the issue of causality and determine whether vitamin D supplementation may be effective for the prevention or treatment of AD.
AB - Introduction: Although the pathophysiological bases of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) remain incompletely understood and disease-modifying therapies are not available, intervention on modifiable risk factors is warranted. Research on nutrition and dietary components is challenging and controversies still persist about the role of micro- and macronutrients and health outcomes in dementia. Importantly, results of preclinical investigations have shown that vitamin D triggers different neural pathways that may be protective against these neurodegenerative mechanisms, including the deposition of amyloid plaques, inflammatory processes, neurofibrillary degeneration, glutamatergic excitotoxicity, excessive intraneuronal calcium influx, and oxidative stress, although its relationship with AD still needs to be fully understood. Areas covered: The authors analyzed the recent evidence about the effects of vitamin D insufficiency on AD and the role of supplementation. Expert opinion: Both insufficient (25–49.9 ng/ml) and deficient levels (<25 ng/ml) of vitamin D may contribute to an increased susceptibility to AD. However, further well-designed prospective studies are needed for a better understanding of the involvement of low vitamin D concentrations in the AD natural history. Randomized clinical trials will also be necessary to address the issue of causality and determine whether vitamin D supplementation may be effective for the prevention or treatment of AD.
KW - alzheimer’s disease
KW - amyloid-β clearance
KW - Calcitriol
KW - mild cognitive impairment
KW - neurosteroid
KW - neurotrophic factor
KW - nutritional frailty
KW - supplementation
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U2 - 10.1080/14737175.2021.1873768
DO - 10.1080/14737175.2021.1873768
M3 - Review article
AN - SCOPUS:85099570287
JO - Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics
JF - Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics
SN - 1473-7175
ER -