TY - JOUR
T1 - Vitiligo and autoimmune thyroid disorders
AU - Baldini, Enke
AU - Odorisio, Teresa
AU - Sorrenti, Salvatore
AU - Catania, Antonio
AU - Tartaglia, Francesco
AU - Carbotta, Giovanni
AU - Pironi, Daniele
AU - Rendina, Roberta
AU - D'Armiento, Eleonora
AU - Persechino, Severino
AU - Ulisse, Salvatore
PY - 2017/10/27
Y1 - 2017/10/27
N2 - Vitiligo represents the most common cause of acquired skin, hair, and oral depigmentation, affecting 0.5-1% of the population worldwide. It is clinically characterized by the appearance of disfiguring circumscribed skin macules following melanocyte destruction by autoreactive cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Patients affected by vitiligo usually show a poorer quality of life and are more likely to suffer from depressive symptoms, particularly evident in dark-skinned individuals. Although vitiligo is a non-fatal disease, exposure of affected skin to UV light increases the chance of skin irritation and predisposes to skin cancer. In addition, vitiligo has been associated with other rare systemic disorders due to the presence of melanocytes in other body districts, such as in eyes, auditory, nervous, and cardiac tissues, where melanocytes are thought to have roles different from that played in the skin. Several pathogenetic models have been proposed to explain vitiligo onset and progression, but clinical and experimental findings point mainly to the autoimmune hypothesis as the most qualified one. In this context, it is of relevance the strong association of vitiligo with other autoimmune diseases, in particular with autoimmune thyroid disorders, such as Hashimoto thyroiditis and Graves' disease. In this review, after a brief overview of vitiligo and its pathogenesis, we will describe the clinical association between vitiligo and autoimmune thyroid disorders and discuss the possible underlying molecular mechanism(s).
AB - Vitiligo represents the most common cause of acquired skin, hair, and oral depigmentation, affecting 0.5-1% of the population worldwide. It is clinically characterized by the appearance of disfiguring circumscribed skin macules following melanocyte destruction by autoreactive cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Patients affected by vitiligo usually show a poorer quality of life and are more likely to suffer from depressive symptoms, particularly evident in dark-skinned individuals. Although vitiligo is a non-fatal disease, exposure of affected skin to UV light increases the chance of skin irritation and predisposes to skin cancer. In addition, vitiligo has been associated with other rare systemic disorders due to the presence of melanocytes in other body districts, such as in eyes, auditory, nervous, and cardiac tissues, where melanocytes are thought to have roles different from that played in the skin. Several pathogenetic models have been proposed to explain vitiligo onset and progression, but clinical and experimental findings point mainly to the autoimmune hypothesis as the most qualified one. In this context, it is of relevance the strong association of vitiligo with other autoimmune diseases, in particular with autoimmune thyroid disorders, such as Hashimoto thyroiditis and Graves' disease. In this review, after a brief overview of vitiligo and its pathogenesis, we will describe the clinical association between vitiligo and autoimmune thyroid disorders and discuss the possible underlying molecular mechanism(s).
KW - Autoimmune polyendocrine syndromes
KW - Autoimmune thyroid diseases
KW - CD8+ T cells
KW - Reactive oxygen species
KW - Thyroglobulin
KW - TSH receptor
KW - Tyrosinase
KW - Vitiligo
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85032189166&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85032189166&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3389/fendo.2017.00290
DO - 10.3389/fendo.2017.00290
M3 - Short survey
AN - SCOPUS:85032189166
VL - 8
JO - Frontiers in Endocrinology
JF - Frontiers in Endocrinology
SN - 1664-2392
IS - OCT
M1 - 290
ER -